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The pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans are the regions of the pancreas that contain its endocrine (hormone-producing) cells, discovered in 1869 by German pathological anatomist Paul Langerhans. [1] The pancreatic islets constitute 1–2% of the pancreas volume and receive 10–15% of its blood flow. [2] [3] The pancreatic islets are ...
Beta cells (β-cells) are specialized endocrine cells located within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans responsible for the production and release of insulin and amylin. [1] Constituting ~50–70% of cells in human islets, beta cells play a vital role in maintaining blood glucose levels. [2] Problems with beta cells can lead to disorders such ...
Paul Langerhans (25 July 1847 – 20 July 1888) was a German pathologist, physiologist and biologist, credited with the discovery of the cells that secrete insulin, named after him as the islets of Langerhans.
Beta cells in the islets of Langerhans release insulin in two phases. The first-phase release is rapidly triggered in response to increased blood glucose levels, and lasts about 10 minutes. The second phase is a sustained, slow release of newly formed vesicles triggered independently of sugar, peaking in 2 to 3 hours.
Insulin secretion mechanism is a common example of signal transduction pathway mechanism. Insulin is produced by the pancreas in a region called islets of Langerhans. In the islets of Langerhans, there are beta-cells, which are responsible for production and storage of insulin.
Islets of Langerhans were first discussed by Paul Langerhans in his medical thesis in 1869. [2] This same year, Édouard Laguesse named them after Langerhans. [3] At first, there was a lot of controversy about what the Islets were made of and what they did. [3]
Insulitis is an inflammation of the islets of Langerhans, a collection of endocrine tissue located in the pancreas that helps regulate glucose levels, and is classified by specific targeting of immune cell (T and B lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells) infiltration in the islets of Langerhans.
Pancreatic polypeptide cells (PP cells), or formerly as gamma cells (γ-cells), or F cells, are cells in the pancreatic islets (Islets of Langerhans) of the pancreas.Their main role is to help synthesize and regulate the release of pancreatic polypeptide (PP), after which they have been named.