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A tendon or sinew is a tough band of dense fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone. It sends the mechanical forces of muscle contraction to the skeletal system, while withstanding tension. Tendons, like ligaments, are made of collagen. The difference is that ligaments connect bone to bone, while tendons connect muscle to bone.
The extra-cellular connective tissue between muscle fibers binds to tendons at the distal and proximal ends, and the tendon binds to the periosteum of individual bones at the muscle's origin and insertion. As muscles contract, tendons transmit the forces to the relatively rigid bones, pulling on them and causing movement.
Ligaments are similar to tendons and fasciae as they are all made of connective tissue. [2] The differences among them are in the connections that they make: ligaments connect one bone to another bone, tendons connect muscle to bone, and fasciae connect muscles to other muscles. These are all found in the skeletal system of the human body.
The insertion of a muscle is the structure that it attaches to and tends to be moved by the contraction of the muscle. [15] This may be a bone, a tendon or the subcutaneous dermal connective tissue. Insertions are usually connections of muscle via tendon to bone. [16]
A tendon is a piece of connective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone. [8] When a muscle intercepts, it pulls against the skeleton to create movement. A tendon connects this muscle to a bone, making this function possible.
Soft tissue connects and surrounds or supports internal organs and bones, and includes muscle, tendons, ligaments, fat, fibrous tissue, lymph and blood vessels, fasciae, and synovial membranes. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Soft tissue is tissue in the body that is not hardened by the processes of ossification or calcification such as bones and teeth .
At the muscle-tendon interface, force is transmitted from the sarcomeres in the muscle cells to the tendon. [5] Muscles and tendons develop in close association, and after their joining at the myotendinous junction they constitute a dynamic unit for the transmission of force from muscle contraction to the skeletal system. [27]
Stretch receptors have two parts: Spindle cells and Golgi tendons. Spindle cells, located in the center of a muscle, send messages for the muscle to contract. [4] On the other hand, Golgi tendon receptors are located near the end of a muscle fiber and send messages for the muscle to relax.