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Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by variola virus (often called smallpox virus), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. [7] [11] The last naturally occurring case was diagnosed in October 1977, and the World Health Organization (WHO) certified the global eradication of the disease in 1980, [10] making smallpox the only human disease to have been eradicated to date.
The last major smallpox epidemic in the United States occurred in Boston, Massachusetts throughout a three-year period, between 1901 and 1903. During this three-year period, 1596 cases of the disease occurred throughout the city.
The smallpox vaccine is used to prevent smallpox infection caused by the variola virus. [10] It is the first vaccine to have been developed against a contagious disease. In 1796, British physician Edward Jenner demonstrated that an infection with the relatively mild cowpox virus conferred immunity against the deadly smallpox virus.
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Parker died of smallpox at Catherine-de-Barnes on 11 September 1978. [7] [17] [18] She was the last recorded person to die from smallpox. [14] The ward block at East Birmingham Hospital, Birmingham UK in 1978. It has since been demolished. It shows Wards 31 (ground level) and 32 (upper level).
The last cases of smallpox occurred in an outbreak of two cases, one of which was fatal, in Birmingham, United Kingdom, in 1978. A medical photographer , Janet Parker , contracted the disease at the University of Birmingham Medical School and died on September 11, 1978. [ 3 ]
Smallpox was no longer circulating by 1980, but was “very contagious and spread more easily than monkeypox.” The two have similar symptoms, according to the Cleveland Clinic, a non-profit ...
Vaccines, particularly those with decades of proven safety and effectiveness, such as those for measles, polio and smallpox are one of the greatest scientific achievements of the last century and ...