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One of the most noticeable differences between HTML and XHTML is the rule that all tags must be closed: empty HTML tags such as <br> must either be closed with a regular end-tag, or replaced by a special form: <br /> (the space before the '/' on the end tag is optional, but frequently used because it enables some pre-XML Web browsers, and SGML ...
Later, HTML was reformulated (version 2.0) to be more of an SGML application; however, the HTML markup language has many legacy- and exception-handling features that differ from SGML's requirements. HTML 4 is an SGML application that fully conforms to ISO 8879 – SGML. [14]
The text between < html > and </ html > describes the web page, and the text between < body > and </ body > is the visible page content. The markup text < title > This is a title </ title > defines the browser page title shown on browser tabs and window titles and the tag < div > defines a division of the page used for easy styling.
Text/XML editor, HTML editor: Web browser: Halibut: 1999 Simon Tatham: Text editor: Output to ASCII text, HTML, PDF, PostScript, Unix man pages, GNU Info, Windows Help (.CHM files), Windows WinHelp (old .HLP files) HyperText Markup Language (HTML) 1993 Tim Berners-Lee: Text editor, HTML editor: Web browser: LilyPond: 1996 Han-Wen Nienhuys, Jan ...
In HTML and SGML, a parser needed to know certain rules about elements during parsing, such as what elements could be contained within other elements and which elements implicitly close the previous element. This is because in HTML and SGML, closing tags and even opening tags were optional on some elements.
Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML): HTML reformulated in XML syntax. XHTML Basic – a subset of XHTML for simple (typically mobile, handheld) devices. It is meant to replace WML, and C-HTML. XHTML Mobile Profile (XHTML MP) – a standard designed for mobile phones and other resource-constrained devices.
In SGML, HTML and XML documents, the logical constructs known as character data and attribute values consist of sequences of characters, in which each character can manifest directly (representing itself), or can be represented by a series of characters called a character reference, of which there are two types: a numeric character reference and a character entity reference.
For example, HTML 4.1 and earlier are domain-specific markup languages (for webpages), and are based on the syntax of SGML, which is a general-purpose markup language. List [ edit ]