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The Arabic word ghulat is used by Shia Muslims for beliefs perceived as being extremely heterodox (more in line with the Christian use of the word "heresy").In particular, the term is used to describe the beliefs of minority Muslim groups who ascribe divine characteristics to a member of Muhammad's family (especially Ali) or the early companions of the Prophet such as Salman the Persian.
The dodo was intelligent and inedible despite popular belief Despite the saying "dumb as dodo," the dodo's intelligence was above average for an avian, as it was a Columbidae . The perceived stupidity of the dodo, a medium-sized flightless bird that was native to Mauritius , is due to naivety and passivity from living in isolation without ...
The word "radical" derives from the Latin word "radix" ("root"). Thus, radical criticism means criticism that goes to the root of things, to the roots of the problem. Revolutionary criticism is criticism that aims to overturn or overthrow an existing idea or state of affairs. Thus, an existing idea may be turned upside down.
These biases contribute to overconfidence in personal beliefs and can maintain or strengthen beliefs in the face of contrary evidence. For example, confirmation bias produces systematic errors in scientific research based on inductive reasoning (the gradual accumulation of supportive evidence).
Evidence-based medicine is a deliberate effort to acknowledge expert opinion (conventional wisdom) and how it coexists with scientific data. Evidence-based medicine acknowledges that expert opinion is "evidence" and plays a role to fill the "gap between the kind of knowledge generated by clinical research studies and the kind of knowledge necessary to make the best decision for individual ...
Contrary to popular beliefs, we are not born with bias. We weren’t born believing that men are stronger than women or that rich people are more hardworking than poor people. Rather, these ...
For approximately 40 years, motor vehicle accidents were the leading cause of death for U.S. children and adolescents. But in 2020, for the first time in history, firearms surpassed car accidents ...
Popular beliefs are studied as a sub-field of social sciences, like history and anthropology, which examines spiritual beliefs that develop not independently from religion, but still outside of established religious institutions. Aspects of popular piety, historical folklore, and historical superstitions are some of the themes explored.