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Eisenmenger syndrome or Eisenmenger's syndrome is defined as the process in which a long-standing left-to-right cardiac shunt caused by a congenital heart defect (typically by a ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, or less commonly, patent ductus arteriosus) causes pulmonary hypertension [1] [2] and eventual reversal of the shunt into a cyanotic right-to-left shunt.
Alcohol, diabetes, >40, rubella during pregnancy [5] Diagnostic method: Based on symptoms, echocardiogram [6] Differential diagnosis: Transposition of the great arteries, Eisenmenger syndrome, Ebstein anomaly [7] Treatment: Open heart surgery [8] Frequency: 1 in 2,000 babies [4]
An enlargement of the aorta may occur; an increased risk of abnormality is seen in babies of women taking lithium during the first trimester of pregnancy [9] (though some have questioned this) [10] and in those with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.
Since the 1950s, as the understanding of heart and lung disease has evolved, Eisenmenger's syndrome is the name given to the situation in which a cardiac defect causes too much blood flow to the lungs, which in turn causes changes to the blood vessels in the lungs (pulmonary hypertension) and a reversal of blood flow so that now there is ...
This is a shortened version of the fourteenth chapter of the ICD-9: Congenital Anomalies. It covers ICD codes 740 to 759 . The full chapter can be found on pages 417 to 437 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9.
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart.Some flow is a normal condition both pre-birth and immediately post-birth via the foramen ovale; however, when this does not naturally close after birth it is referred to as a patent (open) foramen ovale (PFO).
A ventricular outflow tract obstruction means there is a limitation in the blood flow out of either the right or left ventricles of the heart, depending on where the obstruction is.
Heart defects, especially primary pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger's syndrome [MMHE 5] Kidney disorders [MMHE 6] Mental health. Depression has been linked to higher rates of preterm delivery. [38] Respiratory disorders and diseases (associated, for example, with placental abruption) [39] Asthma [40] [41] Seizure disorders [MMHE 7]