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Life cycle of T. canis. T. canis is an 8 to 18 cm long nematode that parasitizes (lives as a parasite) in the small intestine. There, the adult females release approximately 85 μm large unfurrowed eggs, whose shell is thick and rough (golf ball-like) and which are released into the outside world via the feces.
Dioctophyme renale, commonly referred to as the giant kidney worm, [1] [2] [3] is a parasitic nematode (roundworm) whose mature form is found in the kidneys of mammals. D. renale is distributed worldwide, but is less common in Africa and Oceania. [4] It affects fish-eating mammals, particularly mink [1] and dogs. [4]
The microfilaria (plural microfilariae, sometimes abbreviated mf) is an early stage in the life cycle of certain parasitic nematodes in the family Onchocercidae. [1] In these species, the adults live in a tissue or the circulatory system of vertebrates (the "definitive hosts"). They release microfilariae into the bloodstream of the vertebrate host.
The life cycle is direct, with a prepatent period of 30–56 days. Eggs hatch on the ground and develop into infective larvae in several weeks. Larvae penetrate through the skin or are ingested and then migrate to the respiratory system, are coughed up and swallowed and finally reach the small intestine.
Gnathostoma hispidum is a nematode (roundworm) that infects many vertebrate animals including humans. Infection of Gnathostoma hispidum , like many species of Gnathostoma causes the disease gnathostomiasis due to the migration of immature worms in the tissues.
C. oncophora has a direct life cycle. Infective larvae are ingested by the host. The larvae grow to adults, which reproduce in the small intestines. Eggs are shed onto the pasture with the faeces, which leads to new infections. Co-infections with other gastro-intestinal nematodes such as O. ostertagi and H. contortus are common. [2]
In dogs and cats, eggs of Capillaria plica are released in the urine of the mammalian definitive host. First stage larvae (L1) develop within the eggshell in 30–36 days. When eaten by the intermediate host-- earthworms of the genera Lumbricus or Dendrobaena—the L1 larvae hatch in the earthworm's intestine.
The resultant disease is called alveolar echinococcosis, and is caused by ingesting the eggs of E. multilocularis. The parasite is commonly maintained in a wildlife life cycle involving two mammalian hosts. Wild canids, dogs, and less commonly cats act as definitive hosts, harbouring the adult stage of the tape worm. Voles are the intermediate ...