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  2. List of unusual biological names - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unusual_biological...

    Unusual names have caused issues for scientists explaining genetic diseases to lay-people, such as when an individual is affected by a gene with an offensive or insensitive name. [13] This has particularly been noted in patients with a defect in the sonic hedgehog gene pathway and the disease formerly named CATCH22 for "cardiac anomaly, T-cell ...

  3. List of genetic codes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_genetic_codes

    The translation table list below follows the numbering and designation by NCBI. [2] Four novel alternative genetic codes were discovered in bacterial genomes by Shulgina and Eddy using their codon assignment software Codetta, and validated by analysis of tRNA anticodons and identity elements; [ 3 ] these codes are not currently adopted at NCBI ...

  4. Punnett square - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punnett_square

    These tables can be used to examine the genotypical outcome probabilities of the offspring of a single trait (allele), or when crossing multiple traits from the parents. The Punnett square is a visual representation of Mendelian inheritance , a fundamental concept in genetics discovered by Gregor Mendel . [ 10 ]

  5. DNA and RNA codon tables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_and_RNA_codon_tables

    [1] [2] The standard genetic code is traditionally represented as an RNA codon table, because when proteins are made in a cell by ribosomes, it is messenger RNA (mRNA) that directs protein synthesis. [2] [3] The mRNA sequence is determined by the sequence of genomic DNA. [4] In this context, the standard genetic code is referred to as ...

  6. Gene nomenclature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_nomenclature

    An international committee published recommendations for genetic symbols and nomenclature in 1957. [1] The need to develop formal guidelines for human gene names and symbols was recognized in the 1960s and full guidelines were issued in 1979 (Edinburgh Human Genome Meeting). [2]

  7. Lists of human genes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_human_genes

    Human protein-coding gene pages: •Python code for maintaining the list •List of human protein-coding genes page 1 covers genes A1BG–EPGN •List of human protein-coding genes page 2 covers genes EPHA1–MTMR3

  8. List of genetic genealogy topics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_genetic_genealogy...

    Genetic genealogy; Genealogical DNA test; Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups; Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups; Allele; Allele frequency; Electropherogram; Genetic recombination; Haplogroup; Haplotype * (haplogroup) Most recent common ancestor; Short tandem repeat (STR) Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Y-STR (Y-chromosome short tandem ...

  9. Genetic code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_code

    The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences of nucleotide triplets or codons) into proteins. Translation is accomplished by the ribosome , which links proteinogenic amino acids in an order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA), using transfer RNA (tRNA ...