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The first inhabitants were the Britons, who came from Armenia, and first peopled Britain southward" ("Armenia" is a mistaken transcription of Armorica, an area in northwestern Gaul including modern Brittany rather than the geographically distant and ethnolinguistically non Celtic region in the Caucasus).
Evidence of earliest modern humans [ edit ] Analysis of the evidence from the two excavations at Long Hole Cave on the Gower Peninsula , including sediment and pollen as well as the lithic evidence, has identified Long Hole as an Aurignacian site contemporary with and related to the site at Paviland , evidence of the first modern humans in Britain.
The earliest human remains found in Britain. [8] c. 478,000 BP Anglian glaciation begins – the most extreme in the Pleistocene. Britain extensively covered by ice. c. 450,000 BP The Weald-Artois Anticline breaks for the first time after a glacial lake outburst flood. This landbridge to the continent was cut for the first time creating the ...
The first significant written record of Britain and its inhabitants was made by the Greek navigator Pytheas, who explored the coastal region of Britain around 325 BC. However, there may be some additional information on Britain in the Ora Maritima , a text which is now lost but which is incorporated in the writing of the later author Avienius .
The time from Britain's first inhabitation until the Last Glacial Maximum is known as the Old Stone Age, or Palaeolithic era. Archaeological evidence indicates that what was to become England was colonised by humans long before the rest of the British Isles because of its more hospitable climate between and during the various glacial periods of ...
The Paviland limestone caves of the Gower Peninsula in south Wales are by far the richest source of Aurignacian material in Britain, including burins and scrapers dated to about 28,500 years ago. [6] The first remains of modern humans, Homo sapiens sapiens , to be found in Wales was the famous Red Lady of Paviland , discovered in the 1820s.
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Slowly, through the following millennia, temperatures and sea levels rose, changing the environment of prehistoric people. Ireland and Great Britain became islands, and Scandinavia became separated from the main part of the European Peninsula. (They had all once been connected by a now-submerged region of the continental shelf known as Doggerland.)