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Muslim scholars made advances to the map-making traditions of earlier cultures, [1] explorers and merchants learned in their travels across the Old World (Afro-Eurasia). [1] Islamic geography had three major fields: exploration and navigation, physical geography, and cartography and mathematical geography. [1]
The headless men, known as Blemmyes, were portrayed in medieval maps and books as threatening. In Islamic culture, monkeys were considered ill omens. [71] [72] The caption states that despite the monsters' appearance, they "are harmless souls," [73] which contrasts with previous depictions of both the headless men and the edge of the known ...
Map of Arabia from the Kitab al-Masalik wa'l-Mamalik by al-Istakhri (copy dated to c. 1306 CE). The Book of Roads and Kingdoms (Arabic: كتاب المسالك والممالك, Kitāb al-Masālik waʿl-Mamālik [1]) is a group of Islamic manuscripts composed from the Middle Ages to the early modern period. [2]
Al-Idrisi's work was a significant departure from the "Atlas of Islam" tradition that preceded his work. [6] Al-Idrisi also derived map-making methods from the Balkhi school of Geography, a school which was founded during the 10th century in Baghdad under the Abbasid Caliphate. [7]
The Tabula Rogeriana, drawn by al-Idrisi for Roger II of Sicily in 1154, one of the most advanced medieval world maps. [4] Modern consolidation, created from al-Idrisi's 70 double-page spreads, shown upside-down as the original had South at the top. Al-Idrisi's world map from 'Alî ibn Hasan al-Hûfî al-Qâsimî's 1456 copy.
The Book of Curiosities contains 17 maps in total, 14 of which are extremely rare not only in Islamic cartography but also in greater medieval map history. [1] The cosmography includes the earliest recorded map of Sicily as well as a rectangular world map, considered the earliest surviving map with a graphic scale. [2]
A Christian and a Muslim playing chess, illustration from the Book of Games of Alfonso X (c. 1285). [1]During the High Middle Ages, the Islamic world was an important contributor to the global cultural scene, innovating and supplying information and ideas to Europe, via Al-Andalus, Sicily and the Crusader kingdoms in the Levant.
Works by geographers who lived under the rule of Islam during the Middle Ages, irrespective of their religion, ethnicity or language. Pages in category "Geographical works of the medieval Islamic world"