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Familial dysautonomia (FD), also known as Riley–Day syndrome, is a rare, [2] progressive, [3] recessive genetic disorder of the autonomic nervous system [2] that affects the development and survival of sensory, sympathetic, and some parasympathetic neurons in the autonomic and sensory nervous system.
Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 6 (HSAN6), also known as familial dysautonomia with contractures, [5] is a severe autosomal recessive disorder characterized by neonatal hypotonia, respiratory and feeding difficulties, lack of psychomotor development, and autonomic abnormalities including labile cardiovascular function, lack of ...
Dysautonomia, autonomic failure, or autonomic dysfunction is a condition in which the autonomic nervous system (ANS) does not work properly. This condition may affect the functioning of the heart, bladder, intestines, sweat glands, pupils, and blood vessels. Dysautonomia has many causes, not all of which may be classified as neuropathic. [5]
Defects in the genetic coding for NGF, which result in less functional, abnormally structured NGF, may be the molecular cause of familial dysautonomia. [11] NGF is necessary for survival of some neurons so loss of NGF function could be the cause for neuronal death in the SCG.
Fatal insomnia is an extremely rare neurodegenerative prion disease that results in trouble sleeping as its hallmark symptom. [2] The majority of cases are familial (fatal familial insomnia [FFI]), stemming from a mutation in the PRNP gene, with the remainder of cases occurring sporadically (sporadic fatal insomnia [sFI]).
The average lifespan after the onset of symptoms in patients with MSA is 6–10 years. [4] Approximately 60% of patients require a wheelchair within five years of onset of the motor symptoms, and few patients survive beyond 12 years. [4] The disease progresses without remission at a variable rate.
Familial dysautonomia: Neurology Autosomal recessive IKBKAP: 1/30 Familial hypercholesterolemia: Endocrinology, chemical pathology Autosomal dominant LDLR: 1/69 Familial hyperinsulinism: Gastroenterology, endocrinology, pediatrics Autosomal recessive ABCC8: 1/125–1/160 Fanconi anemia C: Hematology Autosomal recessive FACC: 1/100 Gaucher disease
Primary autonomic failure (also called primary dysautonomia) refers to a category of dysautonomias — conditions in which the autonomic nervous system does not function properly. In primary dysautonomias, the autonomic dysfunction occurs as a primary condition (as opposed to resulting from another disease). [ 1 ]