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Map of world's major seamounts. A list of active and extinct submarine volcanoes and seamounts located under the world's oceans. There are estimated to be 40,000 to 55,000 seamounts in the global oceans. [1] Almost all are not well-mapped and many may not have been identified at all. Most are unnamed and unexplored.
Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents or fissures in the Earth's surface from which magma can erupt. Many submarine volcanoes are located near areas of tectonic plate formation, known as mid-ocean ridges. The volcanoes at mid-ocean ridges alone are estimated to account for 75% of the magma output on Earth. [1]
A seamount is an underwater volcano; Davidson rises 7,480 ft (2,280 m) above the surrounding ocean floor. Although there are over 30,000 seamounts in the Pacific Ocean alone, only about 0.1% of them have been explored. [4] The aqueous environment of the seamount means that it behaves differently from volcanoes on land.
In 2015, researchers found that the volcano's structure bore patterns of magnetic striping on either side, indicating that the volcano is likely a hybrid of a mid-ocean ridge and a shield volcano. Geologic data also indicated that Tamu Massif formed at the junction of three mid-ocean ridges, which was a highly unusual occurrence.
Mauna Kea (/ ˌ m ɔː n ə ˈ k eɪ ə, ˌ m aʊ n ə-/, [6] Hawaiian: [ˈmɐwnə ˈkɛjə]; abbreviation for Mauna a Wākea) [7] is a dormant shield volcano on the island of Hawaiʻi. [8] Its peak is 4,207.3 m (13,803 ft) above sea level, making it the highest point in Hawaii and the island with the second highest high point, behind New Guinea, the world's largest tropical island with ...
Santorini caldera is a large, mostly submerged caldera, located in the southern Aegean Sea, 120 kilometers north of Crete in Greece.Visible above water is the circular Santorini island group, consisting of Santorini (classic Greek Thera), the main island, Therasia and Aspronisi at the periphery, and the Kameni islands at the center.
With the largest underwater volcano chain, the region surrounding the Kermadec–Tonga subduction zone is one of the most geologically diverse areas in the world. [7] The Kermadec Sanctuary was proposed in 2015 by the Prime Minister of New Zealand, John Key , at the United Nations in New York, which would create an area off limits to ...
The first record of the volcano was in 1939, [6] although it must have erupted many times before that date. On 23–24 July 1939 an eruption broke the sea surface, sending a cloud of steam and debris 275 m (902 ft) into the air and generating a series of tsunamis around two metres (6.6 ft) high when they reached the coastlines of northern Grenada and the southern Grenadines.