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Sometimes, you find a drawing or similar image useful for a Wikipedia article, that was saved as a JPEG but should have been saved as a PNG.JPEG is good for images where the color changes fluidly throughout the image, like in a photograph, whereas PNG files are good for images with relatively few colors, such as a drawing of a flag, a chart, or a map; note that sometimes SVG is better.
If a diagram cannot be produced in SVG, then a PNG image is preferred over a JPEG. The PNG compression algorithm is designed to work with large areas of solid colour that have sharp boundaries. It is therefore a good format for diagrams and cartoons. But it does not automatically give you the smallest possible file size.
In general, if you have a good image that is in the wrong format, convert it to the correct format before uploading. However, if you find a map, flag, etc. in JPEG format, only convert it to PNG if this reduces the file size. For further advice on converting JPEG to PNG, see Wikipedia:How to reduce colors for saving a JPEG as PNG.
The JPEG filename extension is JPG or JPEG. Nearly every digital camera can save images in the JPEG format, which supports eight-bit grayscale images and 24-bit color images (eight bits each for red, green, and blue). JPEG applies lossy compression to images, which can result in a significant reduction of the file size.
image/png General purpose Yes PNM: Portable Anymap File Format ASCII ... RLE, JPEG, and PNG Raster 16 bpc Yes Yes No No No No No Yes No No No BPG: HEVC, Lossy and ...
Like any resampling operation, changing image size and bit depth are lossy in all cases of downsampling, such as 30-bit to 24-bit or 24-bit to 8-bit palette-based images. While increasing bit depth is usually lossless, increasing image size can introduce aliasing or other undesired artifacts.