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Microcephaly generally is due to the diminished size of the largest part of the human brain, the cerebral cortex, and the condition can arise during embryonic and fetal development due to insufficient neural stem cell proliferation, impaired or premature neurogenesis, the death of neural stem cells or neurons, or a combination of these factors ...
Certain mutations in MCPH1, when homozygous, cause primary microcephaly—a severely diminished brain. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Hence, it has been assumed that variants have a role in brain development. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] However, in normal individuals no effect on mental ability or behavior has yet been demonstrated in either this or another similarly ...
To date, mutations in six loci and four genes associated with microcephaly have been discovered in humans. [28] ASPM, one of these genes, is found at the MCPH5 locus. [29] The most common cause of MCPH in humans is homozygous genetic mutation of the ASPM gene, orthologous to the Drosophila abnormal spindle gene (asp). [6]
Officials concluded infection with the Zika virus is a cause of the birth defect microcephaly and other severe brain abnormalities in babies.
Jaxon Strong was born with microhydranencephaly a form of microcephaly -- a birth defect that affects the brain and that has recently made headlines due to links to the Zika virus.
Zika is transmitted from pregnant women to the fetus ("vertical transmission"), and causes microcephaly and other severe brain anomalies in infants born of women infected with the virus. [8] [10] [102] A baby with microcephaly (left) compared to a baby with a typical head size. Zika infections in adults can cause Guillain–Barré syndrome. [10]
Brazil's health ministry on Wednesday reported 4,443 suspected and confirmed cases of microcephaly, the birth defect believed to be caused by the Zika. Brazil reports more cases of microcephaly ...
Loss of function in AKT can cause microcephaly in humans while inactivation of the pathway can cause hemimegalencephaly. [4] There are also several cancers that have been shown to be linked with mutations in the AKT pathway, including melanoma and lung cancer. [4] [16] [17]