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The calcarine sulcus (or calcarine fissure) is an anatomical landmark located at the caudal end of the medial surface of the brain of humans and other primates. Its name comes from the Latin "calcar" meaning "spur". It is very deep, and known as a complete sulcus.
In neuroanatomy, a sulcus (Latin: "furrow"; pl.: sulci) is a shallow depression or groove in the cerebral cortex.One or more sulci surround a gyrus (pl. gyri), a ridge on the surface of the cortex, creating the characteristic folded appearance of the brain in humans and most other mammals.
The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, [1] is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals.It is the largest site of neural integration in the central nervous system, [2] and plays a key role in attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, and consciousness.
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The cranial cavity, also known as intracranial space, is the space within the skull that accommodates the brain.The skull is also known as the cranium. [1] The cranial cavity is formed by eight cranial bones known as the neurocranium that in humans includes the skull cap and forms the protective case around the brain.
Brain at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (view tree for regions of the brain) BrainMaps.org; BrainInfo (University of Washington) "Brain Anatomy and How the Brain Works". Johns Hopkins Medicine. 14 July 2021. "Brain Map". Queensland Health. 12 July 2022.
There are many cisterns in the brain with several large ones noted with their own name. At the base of the spinal cord is another subarachnoid cistern: the lumbar cistern which is the site for a lumbar puncture. Some major subarachnoid cisterns: Cisterna magna also called cerebellomedullary cistern - the largest of the subarachnoid cisterns.
Cerebral perfusion pressure is the net pressure gradient causing cerebral blood flow to the brain (brain perfusion). It must be maintained within narrow limits; too little pressure could cause brain tissue to become ischemic (having inadequate blood flow), and too much could raise intracranial pressure .