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  2. Personality theories of addiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_theories_of...

    Unlike negative affect, positive affect is related to addiction in both high and low forms. For example, individuals high in positive affect are more likely to engage in risky behaviour, such as drug use. Individuals with high positive affect in response to use are more likely to seek out substances for hedonic reasons. Conversely, low positive ...

  3. Community reinforcement approach and family training

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_reinforcement...

    CRAFT is a motivational model of family therapy. [5] It is reward-based [5] —that is, based on positive reinforcement. CRAFT is aimed at the families and friends of treatment-refusing individuals who have a substance use disorder. [5] "CRAFT works to affect [influence] the substance users' behavior by changing the way the family interacts ...

  4. Screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screening,_brief...

    The SBIRT model was developed by the Institute of Medicine as a result of a recommendation that encouraged community-based screening for health risk behaviours, including substance use. Unhealthy and unsafe alcohol and drug use are major preventable public health problems resulting in 3 million deaths every year worldwide, as reported by WHO. [3]

  5. Haddon Matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haddon_Matrix

    The Haddon Matrix is the most commonly used paradigm in the injury prevention field. Developed by William Haddon in 1970, the matrix looks at factors related to personal attributes, vector or agent attributes and environmental attributes; before, during and after an injury or death. By utilizing this framework, one can then think about ...

  6. Addiction psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addiction_psychology

    The latter reflects physical dependence in which the body adapts to the drug, requiring more of it to achieve a certain effect (tolerance) [25] and eliciting drug-specific physical or mental symptoms if drug use is abruptly ceased (withdrawal). Physical dependence can happen with the chronic use of many drugs—including even appropriate ...

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  8. Substance-related disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance-related_disorder

    Substance use, also known as drug use, is a patterned use of a substance (drug) in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or with methods which are harmful to themselves or others. The drugs used are often associated with levels of substance intoxication that alter judgment, perception, attention and physical control, not related with ...

  9. Life-process model of addiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life-process_model_of...

    Indeed, the disease model impedes these natural life processes. The biological mechanisms typically claimed to underlie all forms of addiction (CREB and ΔFosB) — while psychosocial factors are considered as only tangential issues leading to lesser or greater use and exposure — were reviewed by Eric J. Nestler in 2013. [1]