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Metronidazole in combination with alcohol causes severe reactions such as vomiting and flushes in many patients. Tetracycline resorption is reduced by dairy products, antacids and other products containing calcium , magnesium , aluminium as well as iron .
Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. [10] It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. [10] It is effective for dracunculiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and amebiasis. [10]
The metronidazole tablet may have an unpleasant metallic taste, deteriorating drug compliance. [47] This medication may also induce rare side effect in the central nervous system, including neurotoxicity ( encephalopathy , peripheral neuropathy , seizure ).
A 14-day course of "quadruple therapy" with a proton pump inhibitor, bismuth, tetracycline, and metronidazole or tinidazole is a more complicated but also more effective regimen. In a 2011 randomized, controlled trial, the per protocol eradication rates were 93% with quadruple therapy and 70% with triple therapy.
The term 'antibiosis', meaning "against life", was introduced by the French bacteriologist Jean Paul Vuillemin as a descriptive name of the phenomenon exhibited by these early antibacterial drugs. [ 8 ] [ 20 ] [ 21 ] Antibiosis was first described in 1877 in bacteria when Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch observed that an airborne bacillus could ...
The Pocock boundary is a method for determining whether to stop a clinical trial prematurely. The typical clinical trial compares two groups of patients. One group are given a placebo or conventional treatment, while the other group of patients are given the treatment that is being tested. The investigators running the clinical trial will wish ...
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Pelvic and vaginal ultrasounds are helpful in the diagnosis of PID. In the early stages of infection, the ultrasound may appear normal. As the disease progresses, nonspecific findings can include free pelvic fluid, endometrial thickening, uterine cavity distension by fluid or gas.