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  2. Butane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butane

    Butane (/ ˈ b juː t eɪ n /) is an ... The first synthesis of butane was accidentally achieved by British chemist Edward Francland in 1849 from ethyl iodide and ...

  3. 1,4-Butanediol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1,4-Butanediol

    1,4-Butanediol, also called Butane-1,4-diol (other names include 1,4-B, BD, BDO and 1,4-BD), [5] is a primary alcohol and an organic compound with the formula HOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH. . It is a colorless viscous liquid first synthesized in 1890 via acidic hydrolysis of N,N'-dinitro-1,4-butanediamine by Dutch chemist Pieter Johannes Dekkers, who called it "tetramethylene glyco

  4. Bicyclobutane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicyclobutane

    Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane is an organic compound with the formula C 4 H 6. It is a bicyclic molecule consisting of two cis -fused cyclopropane rings, and is a colorless and easily condensed gas. [ 1 ] Bicyclobutane is noted for being one of the most strained compounds that is isolatable on a large scale — its strain energy is estimated at 63.9 ...

  5. Butyl group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyl_group

    In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl radical or substituent group with general chemical formula −C 4 H 9, derived from either of the two isomers (n-butane and isobutane) of butane. The isomer n-butane can connect in two ways, giving rise to two "-butyl" groups:

  6. 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cy...

    Synthesis of CBDO involves pyrolysis of isobutyric anhydride followed by hydrogenation of the resulting 2,2,4,4-tetramethylcyclobutanedione. [4] This synthesis resembles the method used to produce CBDO today. The first step involves conversion of the isobutyric acid or its anhydride into the ketene.

  7. Butyraldehyde - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyraldehyde

    Butyraldehyde is a component in the two-step synthesis of trimethylolpropane, which is used for the production of alkyd resins. [ 5 ] A major use of butyraldehyde is in the production of bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate , a major plasticizer.

  8. Cyclobutane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclobutane

    Cyclobutane is a cycloalkane and organic compound with the formula (CH 2) 4.Cyclobutane is a colourless gas and is commercially available as a liquefied gas.Derivatives of cyclobutane are called cyclobutanes.

  9. History of manufactured fuel gases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_manufactured...

    Frederick Winsor was the key player behind the creation of the first gas utility, the London-based Gas Light and Coke Company, incorporated by royal charter in April 1812. Manufactured gas utilities were founded first in England, and then in the rest of Europe and North America in the 1820s. The technology increased in scale.