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Dexamethasone is a fluorinated glucocorticoid medication [10] used to treat rheumatic problems, a number of skin diseases, severe allergies, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), croup, brain swelling, eye pain following eye surgery, superior vena cava syndrome (a complication of some forms of cancer), [11] and along with antibiotics in tuberculosis. [10]
The term "steroid dementia" was coined by Varney et al. (1984) in reference to the effects of long-term glucocorticoid use in 1,500 patients. [3] While the condition generally falls under the classification of Cushing's syndrome , the term "steroid dementia syndrome" is particularly useful because it recognizes both the cause of the syndrome ...
Although it is a structural analogue of tacrolimus, it acts somewhat differently and has different side-effects. Contrary to ciclosporin and tacrolimus, drugs that affect the first phase of T lymphocyte activation, sirolimus affects the second phase, namely signal transduction and lymphocyte clonal proliferation.
Typical mineralocorticoid side-effects are hypertension (abnormally high blood pressure), steroid induced diabetes mellitus, psychosis, poor sleep, hypokalemia (low potassium levels in the blood), hypernatremia (high sodium levels in the blood) without causing peripheral edema, metabolic alkalosis and connective tissue weakness. [5]
The risk of developing HACE is diminished if acetazolamide or dexamethasone are administered. [16] Generally, the use of acetazolamide is preferred, but dexamethasone can be used for prevention if there are side effects or contraindications. [28] Some individuals are more susceptible to HACE than others, [20] and physical fitness is not ...
The term 'hyper' refers to the hyperfractionated nature of the chemotherapy, which is given in smaller doses, more frequently, to minimize side effects. 'CVAD' is the acronym of the drugs used in course A: cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin (also known by its trade name, Adriamycin), and dexamethasone.
Ocular effects: Topical steroid drops are frequently used after eye surgery but can also raise intraocular pressure (IOP) and increase the risk of glaucoma, cataract, retinopathy as well as systemic adverse effects. [14] Tachyphylaxis: The acute development of tolerance to the action of a drug after repeated doses. [15]
In general, use a potent preparation short term and weaker preparation for maintenance between flare-ups. While there is no proven best benefit-to-risk ratio, [11] if prolonged use of a topical steroid on a skin surface is required, a pulse therapy should be undertaken.