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Mental disorders may consist of several affective, behavioral, cognitive and perceptual components. The acknowledgement and understanding of mental health conditions has changed over time and across cultures. There are still variations in the definition, classification, and treatment of mental disorders.
The World Health Organisation has stated that depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide and a major contributor to the global burden of disease. [5] Stephen Ilardi has described depression as a "disease of civilisation", stating "We were never designed for the sedentary, indoor, sleep-deprived, socially-isolated, fast-food-laden, frenetic pace of modern life".
Soteria houses provide a community space for people experiencing mental distress or crisis and have no restraint facilities. Loren Mosher , founder of the first Soteria house, believed that people with schizophrenia did, in fact, recover from the illness without the use of neuroleptics in a supportive home-like environment.
Heather A. Berlin is an American neuroscientist and licensed clinical psychologist [2] noted for her work in science communication and science outreach. [3] [4] Her research focuses on brain-behavior relationships affecting the prevention and treatment of impulsive and compulsive psychiatric disorders. [5]
NAMI successfully lobbied to improve mental health services and gain equality of insurance coverage for mental illnesses. [1] In 1996, the Mental Health Parity Act was enacted into law, realizing the mental health movement's goal of equal insurance coverage. In 1955, there were 340 psychiatric hospital beds for every 100,000 US citizens.
Services for mental disorders are usually based in psychiatric hospitals, outpatient clinics, or in the community, Treatments are provided by mental health professionals. Common treatment options are psychotherapy or psychiatric medication, while lifestyle changes, social interventions, peer support, and self-help are also options.