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Neonatal sepsis is a type of neonatal infection and specifically refers to the presence in a newborn baby of a bacterial blood stream infection (BSI) (such as meningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis) in the setting of fever. Older textbooks may refer to neonatal sepsis as "sepsis neonatorum".
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (aka Essential Medicines List for Children [1] or EMLc [1]), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe in children up to twelve years of age to meet the most important needs in a health system.
Septic shock is a result of a systemic response to infection or multiple infectious causes. The precipitating infections that may lead to septic shock if severe enough include but are not limited to appendicitis, pneumonia, bacteremia, diverticulitis, pyelonephritis, meningitis, pancreatitis, necrotizing fasciitis, MRSA and mesenteric ischemia.
As medicine becomes more advanced, with invasive procedures and immunosuppression, the incidence of sepsis is likely to increase even more. Sepsis is one of the complications of Coronavirus disease 2019. In 2020, the campaign produced Guidelines on the Management of Critically Ill Adults with Coronavirus Disease 2019. [5] [6]
The goal of pediatric early warning systems is to alert staff to deterioration in pediatric patients at the earliest possibility to quickly intervene and improve mortality rates. [22] It is based on the idea that using objective clinical indicators and risk assessment tools will improve communication and improve patient care, however, there is ...
The SOFA scoring system is useful in predicting the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients. [8] According to an observational study at an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Belgium, the mortality rate is at least 50% when the score is increased, regardless of initial score, in the first 96 hours of admission, 27% to 35% if the score remains unchanged, and less than 27% if the score is reduced. [9]
Pediatrics A vertically transmitted infection is an infection caused by pathogenic bacteria or viruses that use mother-to-child transmission , that is, transmission directly from the mother to an embryo , fetus , or baby during pregnancy or childbirth .
Ethiopia is the second most populous country in sub-Saharan Africa, with a population of over 120 million people. As of the end of 2003, the United Nations (UN) reported that 4.4% of adults were infected with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS); other estimates of the rate of infection ranged from a low of 7% to a high of 18%.