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The included cancer types are the ones causing most death as per data from the US in 2008. [1] Lung cancer, mainly to adrenal glands, brain, and bone [2] Breast cancer, mainly to bone, liver, lung and brain. [3] Colon cancer, mainly to liver. [4] Pancreatic cancer, mainly to liver and lungs. [5] Melanoma, mainly to brain [6]
Diagram showing the most common places for melanoma to spread to. Date: 30 July 2014 (released by CRUK) Source: Original email from CRUK: Author: Cancer Research UK: Permission (Reusing this file) This image has been released as part of an open knowledge project by Cancer Research UK. If re-used, attribute to Cancer Research UK / Wikimedia Commons
A diagram showing the most common sites for melanoma to spread 5-year relative survival by stage at diagnosis for melanoma of the skin in the United States as of 2014. Factors that affect prognosis include: tumor thickness in millimeters (Breslow's depth), depth related to skin structures (Clark level), type of melanoma, presence of ulceration,
The most common site of metastasis for uveal melanoma is the liver; [21] the liver is the first site of metastasis for 80%-90% of ocular melanoma patients. [22] Other common sites of metastasis include the lung, bones, and just beneath the skin (subcutaneous).
Lymphatic spread is the most common route of initial metastasis for carcinomas. [8] In contrast, it is uncommon for a sarcoma to metastasize via this route. Localized spread to regional lymph nodes near the primary tumor is not normally counted as a metastasis, although this is a sign of a worse outcome.
Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer, globally accounting for at least 40% of cancer cases. [5] [20] The most common type is nonmelanoma skin cancer, which occurs in at least 2–3 million people per year. [6] [21] This is a rough estimate; good statistics are not kept. [1]
Melanoma is a group of serious skin cancers that arise from pigment cells (melanocytes); acral lentiginous melanoma is a kind of lentiginous [8] skin melanoma. [6] ALM makes up less than 5% of all melanomas, but is considered the most common subtype in people with darker skin and is rare in people with lighter skin types. [ 9 ]
Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma is the second-most common cancer of the skin (after basal-cell carcinoma, but more common than melanoma). It usually occurs in areas exposed to the sun. Sunlight exposure and immunosuppression are risk factors for SCC of the skin, with chronic sun exposure being the strongest environmental risk factor. [26]