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This list contains the top 500 cities by PM2.5 annual mean concentration measurement as documented by the World Health Organization covering the period from 2010 to 2022. The January 2024 version of the WHO database contains results of ambient (outdoor) air pollution monitoring from almost 5,390 towns and cities in 63 countries.
The index is defined in both hourly and daily versions, and separately near roads (a "roadside" or "traffic" index) or away from roads (a "background" index). As of 2012, the CAQI had two mandatory components for the roadside index, NO 2 and PM 10, and three mandatory components for the background index, NO 2, PM 10 and O 3.
However, there is no known safe level of exposure and thus, any exposure to particulate pollution is likely to increase an individual's risk of adverse health effects. [35] In European countries, air quality at or above 10 micrograms per cubic meter of air (μg/m 3 ) for PM 2.5 increases the all-causes daily mortality rate by 0.2-0.6% and the ...
The EPA is strengthening monitoring requirements for CO by calling for CO monitors to be placed in strategic locations near large urban areas. Specifically, the EPA has called for monitors to be placed and operational in CBSA's (core based statistical areas) with populations over 2.5 million by January 1, 2015; and in CBSA's with populations of ...
On the other hand, Omaha, Nebraska is performing the best and has a decrease of −1.1 μg/m 3 in PM 2.5 levels. The cleanest city in this report is Zürich, Switzerland with PM 2.5 levels of just 0.5 μg/m 3, placed first in both 2019 and 2022. The second cleanest city is Perth, with 1.7 μg/m 3 and PM 2.5 levels dropping by −6.2 μg/m 3 since
The guidelines stipulate that PM 2.5 should not exceed 5 μg/m 3 annual mean, or 15 μg/m 3 24-hour mean; and that PM 10 should not exceed 15 μg/m 3 annual mean, or 45 μg/m 3 24-hour mean. [2] For ozone (O 3 ), the guidelines suggest values no higher than 100 μg/m 3 for an 8-hour mean and 60 μg/m 3 peak season mean. [ 2 ]
Rank Country Particulate matter ((in μg/m 3) WHO-Guideline=5 Loss of life expectancy (years) 1 Bangladesh 54.17 −4.82 2 India 41.39 −3.57 3 Nepal 39.18 −3.35 4
The conversion equations depend on the temperature at which the conversion is wanted (usually about 20 to 25 °C). At an ambient sea level atmospheric pressure of 1 atm (101.325 kPa or 1.01325 bar), the general equation is: