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The coke has phosphoric acid and COX2 C O X 2. The phosphoric acid is used for rust removal industrially. The rate of acceleration of rusting of iron (with HX+ H X + ions) is very slow and all the rust will have already reacted with phosphoric acid to form iron phosphate. All the rust is already destroyed and the HX+ H X + ions just increase ...
Pool Water Electrolysis for Rust Removal. 6. How to control current and voltage in electrolysis. 0.
Long, long time ago I was employed to formulate rust removers for iron. We needed to be concerned with toxicity, corrosivity, cost, waste disposal, effectiveness, speed, damage to the (uncorroded) metal, and flash rusting (rapid rusting once cleaner is rinsed off). Rust isn't just one chemical compound.
Rust starts at and around surface microcrystals of "impurities". When started, it goes on around the same microcrystal, digging deeper and deeper at the same point. The metallic surfaces more than about $1$ millimeter away form the spot are nearly not oxidized.
17. One of the often-touted uses of WD-40 is that it "dissolves rust". The official website states that WD-40 "breaks down the bonds between metal and rust". I can't understand how this would work, since there seem to be no rust-dissolving ingredients in WD-40 and it seems the product is more basic than acidic.
Phosphoric acid is the usual anti-rust treatment for regular steel, but citric acid is recommended as a safe non-passivating cleaner for flash rust on stainless steel. (The wire brush must then also be stainless steel.) @JamesGaidis: it's regular steel. Citric acid has worked well for me so far in removing rust (not just flash or surface rust ...
The rust is the brownish-red type, which according to Wikipedia consists of $\ce {Fe2O3·nH2O}$ and $\ce{FeO(OH)·Fe(OH)3}$. Most rust-removal "recipes" I found involve all sorts of acids, but I can't tell what the reaction(s) would be with $\ce {Fe2O3·nH2O}$ so I can't tell if there would be any residues left behind that I could not remove.
Phosphoric acid as a rust converter. This is a very common and well respected means of converting rust to insoluble and stable iron-phosphate. Concentrations in the order of 25-50% seem typical. Oxalic acid as a rust remover. This seems to be slightly less well known but is a technically sound method of converting rust to water soluble iron ...
The acid can dissolve rust (e.g. FeOOH F e O O H). The chemical reaction is: 3CHX3COOH +FeOOH Fe(CHX3COO)X3 +2HX2O 3 C H X 3 C O O H + F e O O H F e (C H X 3 C O O) X 3 + 2 H X 2 O. EDIT: (Fe(OAc)X3 F e (O A c) X 3 is NOT soluble in water) The acid forms a water-insoluble salt with the iron oxide, which then probably just crumbles from the rust ...
"If the surface still has extensive rust after all loose rust has been removed, start with Krylon® Rust Protector™ Rust Converting Primer or Krylon® Rust Tough® Rust Fix. This primer chemically changes rust into a waterproof, paintable surface. Spray directly over the remaining rust to protect against further corrosion."