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The simian shelf is a bony thickening on the front of the ape mandible. [1] Its function is to reinforce the jaw, [ 2 ] though it also has the effect of considerably reducing the movement of the tongue by restricting the area available for muscles.
In the ape, there is a reinforcement to the lower jaw bone called the simian shelf. In the evolution of the mammalian jaw, two of the bones of the jaw structure (the articular bone of the lower jaw, and quadrate) were reduced in size and incorporated into the ear, while many others have been fused together. [3]
In jawed vertebrates, the mandible (from the Latin mandibula, 'for chewing'), lower jaw, or jawbone is a bone that makes up the lower – and typically more mobile – component of the mouth (the upper jaw being known as the maxilla). The jawbone is the skull's only movable, posable bone, sharing joints with the cranium's temporal bones.
Below is a cladogram with some of the extinct simian species with the more modern species emerging within the Eosimiidae. The simians originated in Asia, while the crown simians were in Afro-Arabia. [13] [14] [5] [15] [7] [16] It is indicated approximately how many Mya the clades diverged into newer clades.
The facial skeleton comprises the facial bones that may attach to build a portion of the skull. [1] The remainder of the skull is the neurocranium.. In human anatomy and development, the facial skeleton is sometimes called the membranous viscerocranium, which comprises the mandible and dermatocranial elements that are not part of the braincase.
Forensic genealogists solve a 21-year-old case, linking a jawbone to a U.S. Marine captain who died more than 70 years ago in Orange County. Solving the mystery of a human jawbone found in an ...
The bone is more than a piece of ... The discovery of a human jawbone submerged in a remote stretch of river running through central Iowa triggered a police investigation — and after weeks of ...
Furthermore, the evolution of the maxillomandibular system has been linked to encephalization. As the jaw changed and the muscles become weaker, the pressure on the cranial sutures lowered, and encephalization occurred. [8] In addition, the overall changes in the mandible and the maxilla have led to the ability for humans to speak.