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Dravidian languages include Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada, Telugu, and a number of other languages spoken mainly in South Asia. The list is by no means exhaustive. Some of the words can be traced to specific languages, but others have disputed or uncertain origins. Words of disputed or less certain origin are in the "Dravidian languages" list.
Parpola led a Finnish team in investigating the inscriptions using computer analysis. Based on a proto-Dravidian assumption, they proposed readings of many signs, some agreeing with the suggested readings of Heras and Knorozov (such as equating the "fish" sign with the Dravidian word for fish, "min") but disagreeing on several other readings.
In Brahui, which was strongly influenced by its neighboring languages due to its distance from the other Dravidian languages, only a tenth of the vocabulary is of Dravidian origin. [16] More recently, like all the languages of India, the Dravidian languages also have words borrowed from English on a large scale; less numerous are the loanwords ...
The origin and territory of the Proto-Dravidian speakers is uncertain, but some suggestions have been made based on the reconstructed Proto-Dravidian vocabulary. The reconstruction has been done on the basis of cognate words present in the different branches (Northern, Central and Southern) of the Dravidian language family. [4]
The early Dravidian religion constituted a non-Vedic, pre-Indo-Aryan, indigenous religion practiced by Dravidian peoples in the Indian subcontinent that they were either historically or are at present Āgamic. The Agamas are non-Vedic in origin, [1] and have been dated either as post-Vedic texts, [2] or as pre-Vedic compositions. [3]
These words were incorporated into the writing of the Hebrew Bible starting before 500 BCE. Although a number of authors have identified many Biblical and post-Biblical words of Tamil, Old Tamil, or Dravidian origin, a number of them have competing etymologies and some Tamil derivations are considered controversial. [2]
This hypothesis is further supported by several Dravidian loan words in Sanskrit like phala ‘fruit’ [14] and mayūra ‘peacock’ [15] being closer to the SD1 forms than to Proto-Dravidian forms. [13] The Akkadian word for ivory (pīru) is also said to be of Dravidian origin (*pīlu) and cognate with Brahui *pīl. [16] [17] These words ...
By the mid-19th century, Christian missionaries trained in Biblical Hebrew noticed that there were words of Indian origin (Indo-Aryan and Dravidian) in biblical texts, including from the Tamil language. [6] [7] Some of the loanwords were borrowed directly from Old Tamil into Biblical Hebrew.