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The four temperament theory is a proto-psychological theory which suggests that there are four fundamental personality types: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Most formulations include the possibility of mixtures among the types where an individual's personality types overlap and they share two or more temperaments.
The Roman physician Galen mapped the four temperaments (sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric and melancholic) to a matrix of hot/cold and dry/wet, taken from the four classical elements. [1] Two of these temperaments, sanguine and choleric, shared a common trait: quickness of response (corresponding to "heat"), while the melancholic and phlegmatic ...
In fact, the original four types of temperament (choleric, melancholic, phlegmatic and sanguine) suggested by Hippocrates and Galen resemble mild forms of types of psychiatric disorders described in modern classifications. Moreover, Hippocrates-Galen hypothesis of chemical imbalances as factors of consistent individual differences has also been ...
People love taking personality tests to learn more about themselves, but until recently, experts believed types didn't exist. A 2018 study discovered four types.
In an article for Psychology Today, Jennifer V. Fayard, Ph.D., an Associate Professor of Psychology at Ouachita Baptist University, hypothesizes that personality tests satisfy our inherent need to ...
When it comes to personality, I’m obsessed. After all, personality types affect everything. How you date. Who you’re most compatible with. How you spend money. It’s the basis for your ...
In psychology, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) is a questionnaire to assess the personality traits of a person. It was devised by psychologists Hans Jürgen Eysenck and Sybil B. G. Eysenck. [1] Hans Eysenck's theory is based primarily on physiology and genetics. Although he was a behaviorist who considered learned habits of great ...
These traits are further linked in his personality hierarchy to even more specific habitual responses, such as partying on the weekend. Eysenck compared this trait to the four temperaments of ancient medicine, with choleric and sanguine temperaments equating to extraversion, and melancholic and phlegmatic temperaments equating to introversion. [34]