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This trend is concerning many scientists, as marine worms act as an important food source for many fish and wading birds. Marine worms are often keystone species in an ecosystem, and the introduction of plastic in the oceans not only diminishes the growth rates of the marine worms, but also affects the food chain of that ecosystem. [10]
Bonelliidae is a family of marine worms (Subclass Echiura, of the class Polychaeta, in the phylum Annelida) noted for being sexually dimorphic, with males being tiny in comparison with the females. They occupy burrows in the seabed in many parts of the world's oceans, often at great depths.
Some marine worms occupy a small variety of parasitic niches, living inside the bodies of other animals, while others live more freely in the marine environment or by burrowing underground. Different groups of marine worms are related only distantly, so they are found in several different phyla such as the Annelida (segmented worms ...
Lernaeocera branchialis, sometimes called cod worm, is a parasite of marine fish, found mainly in the North Atlantic. [2] It is a marine copepod which starts life as a small pelagic crustacean larva .
The top of the tube can be closed by an operculum formed by several rings of bristles on the head of the worm. The head also bears several fine feeding tentacles and a pair of small palps. The thoracic section of the body has 3 or 4 segments with paddle-like capillary bristles.
Polynoidae is a family of marine Polychaete worms known as "scale worms" due to the scale-like elytra on the dorsal surface. Almost 900 species are currently recognised belonging to 9 subfamilies and 167 genera. [1] They are active hunters, but generally dwell in protected environments such as under stones.
The nauplii will go through three stages before molting into copepodids, which associate with fish gills. [2] After a further five stages and mating, the male leaves the host and dies, while the female transitions into the anchored stage (may move to different fish host). [2] An anchor worm Lernaea sp. parasite on a Murray cod
Monogenea are small parasitic flatworms mainly found on skin or gills of fish. They are rarely longer than about 2 cm. A few species infecting certain marine fish are larger, and marine forms are generally larger than those found on freshwater hosts. Monogenea are often capable of dramatically elongating and shortening as they move.