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SP s/p: status post; condition after" SPE: streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin Spec: specimen SPECT: single-photon emission computed tomography: SPEP: serum protein electrophoresis: SPET: single-photon emission tomography: spp. species, as in bacterial species (e.g. Enterobacteriaceae spp.) Sp. fl. spinal fluid (see cerebrospinal fluid) Sp. gr ...
mistaken to mean "strong solution of iodine" or "selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor". See also SSRI: SQ subcutaneously "SQ" can be mistaken for "5Q" meaning "5 every dose". See also SC: SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [or] sliding scale regular insulin: ambiguous. Do not abbreviate st. stet: let it stand (for example, for ...
These types of antibodies and complement are immune substances called opsonizers, molecules that bind to the surface of bacteria to facilitate phagocytosis. When the spleen is no longer present , IgG and C3b are still bound to bacteria, but they cannot be removed from the blood circulation due to the loss of the splenic macrophages.
Antibiotic resistance tests: Bacteria are streaked on dishes with white disks, each impregnated with a different antibiotic. Clear rings, such as those on the left, show that bacteria have not grown—indicating that these bacteria are not resistant. The bacteria on the right are fully resistant to all but two of the seven antibiotics tested. [33]
After the discovery and commercialization of antibiotics, microbiologist, pharmacologist, and physician Alexander Fleming developed the broth dilution technique using the turbidity of the broth for assessment. [11] This is commonly believed to be the conception point of minimum inhibitory concentrations. [12]
Body substance isolation is a practice of isolating all body substances (blood, urine, feces, tears, etc.) of individuals undergoing medical treatment, particularly emergency medical treatment of those who might be infected with illnesses such as HIV, or hepatitis so as to reduce as much as possible the chances of transmitting these illnesses. [1]
FMT is an effective treatment for Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). [3] [4] [5] For recurrent CDI, FMT is more effective than vancomycin alone, and may improve the outcome after the first index infection. [3] [5] [6] Side effects may include a risk of infections, therefore the donor should be screened for pathogens. [7]
The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) is the lowest concentration of an antibacterial agent required to kill a particular bacterium. [1] It can be determined from broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests by subculturing to agar plates that do not contain the test agent.