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These gender biases and role stereotyping occur because many people retain the notion that caring for others is a feminine task, and thus beneath the status of the male. [ 60 ] In a British study, it was reported that the majority of subjects assumed that a nurse referred to a female.
Because traditional gender roles usually place women at a subordinate position compared to men, the medical industry has historically been dominated by men. [88] This has led to misdiagnoses in females, often influenced by a predominantly male workforce in healthcare holding onto gender stereotypes.
[6] [7] Along with these common stereotypes, studies have identified several other popular images used in media such as handmaiden, angel, torturer, homosexual male, alcoholic, buffoon and woman in white. [8] Common stereotypes of nursing and portrayal of these misrepresentations have fueled a discussion on the effects they have on the profession.
Gender sensitivity is the process by which people are made aware of how gender plays a role in life through their treatment of others. [1] Gender relations are present in all institutions worldwide and gender sensitivity especially manifests in recognizing privilege and discrimination around gender; women are generally seen as disadvantaged in society.
The gender pay gap has been attributed to differences in personal and workplace characteristics between men and women (such as education, hours worked and occupation), innate behavioral and biological differences between men and women and discrimination in the labor market (such as gender stereotypes and customer and employer bias).
The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." [1] Identified by the 2012 World Development Report as one of two key human capital endowments, health can influence an individual's ability to reach his or her full potential in society. [2]
The feminization in the workplace destabilized occupational segregation in society. [1]"Throughout the 1990s the cultural turn in geography, entwined with the post-structuralist concept of difference, led to the discarding of the notion of a coherent, bounded, autonomous and independent identity... that was capable of self-determination and progress, in favor of a socially constructed category ...
The intersectionality of race/ethnicity and gender in occupational segregation means that the two factors build on one another in a complex way to create their own unique sets of issues. Between genders, there are preconceived notions; when gender is further split up by race and ethnicity, stereotypes differ even more. [23]