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Vagusstoff (literally translated from German as "Vagus Substance") refers to the substance released by stimulation of the vagus nerve which causes a reduction in the heart rate. Discovered in 1921 by physiologist Otto Loewi , vagusstoff was the first confirmation of chemical synaptic transmission and the first neurotransmitter ever discovered.
Vagusstoff transmitted inhibition from the vagus nerves, and Acceleransstoff transmitted stimulation from the sympathetic nerves to the heart. [31] Loewi took some years to commit himself with respect to the nature of the Stoffe , but in 1926 he was sure that Vagusstoff was acetylcholine, writing in 1936 [ 32 ] "I no longer hesitate to identify ...
Over two-thirds of the research was done regarding four sports: rowing, cycling, athletics, and swimming. [14] In America, sports play a big part of the American identity, however, sports science has slowly been replaced with exercise science. [18] Sports science can allow athletes to train and compete more effectively at home and abroad. [18]
This research provides new insights into how various factors control muscle growth and maintenance, which could help develop better ways to prevent muscle loss in the future. Understanding BCL6 as ...
In fact, a study in The Journal of Sexual Medicine found that nipple stimulation is arousing for 52% of men—yet only 17% of men have had their nipples played with during sex. Clearly, there’s ...
The classifications of substances as performance-enhancing substances are not entirely clear-cut and objective. As in other types of categorization, certain prototype performance enhancers are universally classified as such (like anabolic steroids), whereas other substances (like vitamins and protein supplements) are virtually never classified as performance enhancers despite their effects on ...
At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, women competed in 27 sports over 137 events, compared to 28 men's sports in 175 events. [53] Several national women's professional sports leagues have been founded and are in competition, and women's international sporting events such as the FIFA Women's World Cup , Women's Rugby World Cup , and Women's ...
Boys go into those spaces knowing the ways to talk about sports, and it can add to anxiety and discomfort if you don’t ‘do boy’ as expected. You’re under that surveillance.”