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The Supreme Court of Canada in Ottawa, west of Parliament Hill. The legal system of Canada is pluralist: its foundations lie in the English common law system (inherited from its period as a colony of the British Empire), the French civil law system (inherited from its French Empire past), [1] [2] and Indigenous law systems [3] developed by the various Indigenous Nations.
The Canadian constitution includes core written documents and provisions that are constitutionally entrenched, take precedence over all other laws and place substantive limits on government action; these include the Constitution Act, 1867 (formerly the British North America Act, 1867) and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. [4]
Canadian constitutional law (French: droit constitutionnel du Canada) is the area of Canadian law relating to the interpretation and application of the Constitution of Canada by the courts. All laws of Canada , both provincial and federal, must conform to the Constitution and any laws inconsistent with the Constitution have no force or effect.
Halsbury's Laws of Canada is a comprehensive national encyclopedia of Canadian law, published by LexisNexis Canada, which includes federal, provincial and territorial coverage. It is the only Canadian legal encyclopedia covering all fourteen Canadian jurisdictions. Following an alphabetized title scheme, [1] it covers 119 discrete legal ...
Quebec Civil Law: An Introduction to Quebec Private Law. Toronto: Emond Montgomery. ISBN 0-92072247-4. The Harmonization of Federal Legislation with Quebec Civil Law and Canadian Bijuralism: Collection of Studies. Ottawa: Department of Justice (Canada). 1999. ISBN 2-921290-12-X. Archived from the original on 2009-07-14.
On 4 November 1966, Bill C-243, The Canadian Forces Reorganization Act, was introduced to amend the National Defence Act. The aim of the bill was to reorganize the Canadian Army, the Royal Canadian Navy and the Royal Canadian Air Force, previously separate and independent services, under one umbrella. Following the debate in the House of ...
From 1608 to 1664, the first colonists of New France followed the customary law (French: coutume) in effect for their province of origin in France.In 1664, the King of France decreed in Article 33 of the decree establishing the French West India Company (French: l'Édit d'établissement de la compagnie des Indes occidentales) that the Custom of Paris would serve as the main source of law ...
After the introduction of the Constitution Act, 1982 and the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Canadian courts became much more active in interpretation of Constitutional questions. One notable example is in the case of gay rights and section 15(1) of the Charter. Section 15(1) lists grounds against which people may not be discriminated by the ...