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Megaloblastic anemia is a type of macrocytic anemia. An anemia is a red blood cell defect that can lead to an undersupply of oxygen. [1] Megaloblastic anemia results from inhibition of DNA synthesis during red blood cell production. [2] When DNA synthesis is impaired, the cell cycle cannot progress from the G2 growth stage to the mitosis (M ...
Other disorders which cause macrocytosis without DNA replication problems (i.e., non-megaloblastic macrocytic anemias), are disorders associated with increased red cell membrane surface area, such as pathologies of the liver and spleen which produce codocytes or "target cells" which have a central collection of hemoglobin surrounded by a pallor (a thin area) then followed by a thicker ...
Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of clinically evident vitamin B 12 deficiency worldwide. [14] Pernicious anemia due to autoimmune problems occurs in about one per 1000 people in the US. Among those over the age of 60, about 2% have the condition. [8] It more commonly affects people of northern European descent. [2]
Pernicious anemia [35] is a form of ... Lack of dietary B 12 causes non-pernicious megaloblastic anemia. Anemia of folate deficiency, ... (mean difference -0.09, 95% ...
A megaloblast is an unusually large erythroblast that can be associated with vitamin B 12 deficiency (caused by pernicious anemia or dietary insufficiency), folic acid deficiency, or both (such anemias are collectively called megaloblastic anemias).
The presence of hypersegmented neutrophils is an important diagnostic feature of megaloblastic anaemias. Hypersegmentation can also be seen in many other conditions but with relatively less diagnostic significance. Hypersegmentation can sometimes be difficult to assert since interobserver variation is high and segmentation may vary with race.
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Macroovalocytes are enlarged, oval-shaped erythrocytes (red blood cells). They are not seen in healthy blood, and are most commonly seen in megaloblastic anemia. [1] In most instances, the macroovalocyte morphology is due to megaloblastic erythropoiesis (Vitamin B-12 or folate deficiency) but may be seen with dyserythropoiesis.