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Glycerol 1-phosphate, sometimes called as D-glycerol 3-phosphate, is the enantiomer of glycerol 3-phosphate. Eukaryotes use the 3-phosphate, or L -configuration, for glycerolipid backbone. The 1-phosphate is specifically found in archeal lipids.
Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible redox conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (a.k.a. glycerone phosphate, outdated) to sn-glycerol 3-phosphate. [2] Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase serves as a major link between carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism.
The glycerol phosphate shuttle was first characterized as a major route of mitochondrial hydride transport in the flight muscles of blow flies. [5] [6] It was initially believed that the system would be inactive in mammals due to the predominance of lactate dehydrogenase activity over glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1) [5] [7] until high GPD1 and GPD2 activity were demonstrated in ...
The general structure of phosphatidylglycerol consists of a L-glycerol 3-phosphate backbone ester-bonded to either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids on carbons 1 and 2. The head group substituent glycerol is bonded through a phosphomonoester.
Glycerophospholipids are derived from glycerol-3-phosphate in a de novo pathway. [3] The term glycerophospholipid signifies any derivative of glycerophosphoric acid that contains at least one O-acyl, or O-alkyl, or O-alk-1'-enyl residue attached to the glycerol moiety. [4] The phosphate group forms an ester linkage to the glycerol.
When dihydroxyacetone phosphate is produced, glyceroneogenesis will branch off from gluconeogenesis. [1] With the expense of NADH, dihydroxyacetone phosphate will convert to glycerol 3-phosphate, which is the final product of glyceroneogenesis. In addition, triglyceride can be generated by re-esterifying 3 fatty acid chains on glycerol 3-phosphate.
In enzymology, a glycerol-3-phosphate-glucose phosphotransferase (EC 2.7.1.142) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + D-glucose ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } glycerol + D-glucose 6-phosphate
14555 Ensembl ENSG00000167588 ENSMUSG00000023019 UniProt P21695 P13707 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005276 NM_001257199 NM_010271 RefSeq (protein) NP_001244128 NP_005267 NP_034401 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 50.1 – 50.11 Mb Chr 15: 99.62 – 99.62 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 is an enzyme that is encoded by the GPD1 gene in humans. Function ...