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v. t. e. Archimedes' principle (also spelled Archimedes's principle) states that the upward buoyant force that is exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, whether fully or partially, is equal to the weight of the fluid that the body displaces. [1] Archimedes' principle is a law of physics fundamental to fluid mechanics.
pconstant is the total pressure at a point on a streamline. p + ρ u 2 / 2 + ρ g y = p c o n s t a n t {\displaystyle p+\rho u^ {2}/2+\rho gy=p_ {\mathrm {constant} }\,\!} Euler equations. ρ = fluid mass density. u is the flow velocity vector. E = total volume energy density. U = internal energy per unit mass of fluid.
Torricelli's law, also known as Torricelli's theorem, is a theorem in fluid dynamics relating the speed of fluid flowing from a hole to the height of fluid above the hole. The law states that the speed of efflux of a fluid through a sharp-edged hole in the wall of the tank filled to a height above the hole is the same as the speed that a body ...
Displacement (fluid) Measurement of volume by displacement, (a) before and (b) after an object has been submerged. The amount by which the liquid rises in the cylinder (∆V) is equal to the volume of the object. In fluid mechanics, displacement occurs when an object is largely immersed in a fluid, pushing it out of the way and taking its place.
The volume of a container is generally understood to be the capacity of the container; i.e., the amount of fluid (gas or liquid) that the container could hold, rather than the amount of space the container itself displaces. By metonymy, the term "volume" sometimes is used to refer to the corresponding region (e.g., bounding volume). [2] [3]
Continuum mechanics. Fluid mechanics is the branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) and the forces on them. [1]: 3 It has applications in a wide range of disciplines, including mechanical, aerospace, civil, chemical, and biomedical engineering, as well as geophysics, oceanography, meteorology ...
The vorticity equation of fluid dynamics describes the evolution of the vorticity ω of a particle of a fluid as it moves with its flow; that is, the local rotation of the fluid (in terms of vector calculus this is the curl of the flow velocity). The governing equation is: where D Dt is the material derivative operator, u is the flow ...
Neglecting surface tension and viscosity, the equation was first derived by W. H. Besant in his 1859 book with the problem statement stated as An infinite mass of homogeneous incompressible fluid acted upon by no forces is at rest, and a spherical portion of the fluid is suddenly annihilated; it is required to find the instantaneous alteration of pressure at any point of the mass, and the time ...