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Some drugs, such as prednisone, have the same effect as cortisol and adrenaline (epinephrine), causing marginated neutrophils to enter the blood stream. Overdoses of some drugs can cause very high levels of neutrophils in the blood. [citation needed] There is a single case report of severe neutrophilia with bupropion overdose. [3]
Toxic vacuolation is associated with sepsis, particularly when accompanied by toxic granulation. [4] The finding is also associated with bacterial infection, [3] alcohol toxicity, liver failure, [4] and treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, a cytokine drug used to increase the absolute neutrophil count in patients with neutropenia.
Filgrastim, sold under the brand name Neupogen among others, is a medication used to treat low neutrophil count. [19] Low neutrophil counts may occur with HIV/AIDS, following chemotherapy or radiation poisoning, or be of an unknown cause. [19] It may also be used to increase white blood cells for gathering during leukapheresis. [19]
A QSP model of neutrophil production and a PK/PD model of a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drug (Zalypsis) have been developed to optimize the use of G-CSF in chemotherapy regimens with the aim to prevent mild-neutropenia. [15] G-CSF was first trialled as a therapy for neutropenia induced by chemotherapy in 1988.
Leukocytosis can be subcategorized by the type of white blood cell that is increased in number. Leukocytosis in which neutrophils are elevated is neutrophilia; leukocytosis in which lymphocyte count is elevated is lymphocytosis; leukocytosis in which monocyte count is elevated is monocytosis; and leukocytosis in which eosinophil count is elevated is eosinophilia.
[4] [5] Although normal, mature neutrophils do contain some primary granules, the granules are difficult to identify by light microscopy because they lose their dark blue colour as the cells mature. Toxic granulation thus represents abnormal maturation of neutrophils.
Neutrophils are a type ... TANs can exhibit an elevated extracellular acidification rate when there is an increase in ... It can also be a side-effect of medication, ...
In medicine, granulocytosis is the presence of an increased number of granulocytes in the peripheral blood.Often, the word refers to an increased neutrophil granulocyte count (neutrophilia), but granulocytosis formally refers to the combination of neutrophilia, eosinophilia, and basophilia. [1]