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Orchitis is inflammation of the testicles. [1] It can also involve swelling, pains and frequent infection, particularly of the epididymis , as in epididymitis . The term is from the Ancient Greek ὄρχις meaning "testicle"; same root as orchid .
Chronic epididymitis is most commonly associated with lower back pain, and the onset of pain often co-occurs with activity that stresses the low back (i.e., heavy lifting, long periods of car driving, poor posture while sitting, or any other activity that interferes with the normal curve of the lumbar lordosis region).
Chronic testicular pain is long-term pain of the testes. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is considered chronic if it has persisted for more than three months. [ 1 ] Chronic testicular pain may be caused by injury , infection , surgery , cancer , varicocele , or testicular torsion , and is a possible complication after vasectomy . [ 2 ]
Chronic scrotal pain (pain for greater than 3 months) may occur due to a number of underlying conditions. [3] It occurs in 15-19% of men post vasectomy, due to infections such as epididymitis, prostatitis, and orchitis, as well as varicocele, hydrocele, spermatocele, polyarteritis nodosa, testicular torsion, previous surgery and trauma. [3]
It is a single, narrow, tightly coiled tube in adult humans, 6 to 7 centimetres (2.4 to 2.8 in) in length; uncoiled the tube would be approximately 6 m (20 feet) long. [1] It connects the testicle to the vas deferens in the male reproductive system .
Infertility: [9] The impact of testicular torsion on long-term fertility is not yet fully understood. [10] However, testicular torsion may cause abnormal sperm function on semen analysis, although these abnormalities are more likely to be found in adolescents and in adults. Torsion does not seem to affect long-term sperm function in neonates. [11]
Orchitis, or inflammation of the testicles due to a bacterial or viral infection, can lead to testicular atrophy. [9] Mumps has historically been significantly associated with orchitis and testicular atrophy, but has become rare in countries that have high mumps vaccination rates. [9]
3.3 per 100,000 (adults), 50 per 100,000 (children) [90] Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: ADAMTS13 autoantibodies Confirmed 1-2 per million [91] Antiphospholipid syndrome: Antiphospholipid antibodies Confirmed 40-50 per 100,000 [92] Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: None specific, mutation causes self-cells to become susceptible to ...