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1796: Edward Jenner administers the first smallpox vaccination; smallpox killed an estimated 400,000 Europeans each year during the 18th century, including five reigning monarchs. [23] 1796: War of the First Coalition: The Battle of Montenotte marks Napoleon Bonaparte's first victory as an army commander. 1796: The British eject the Dutch from ...
Age of Enlightenment (or Reason) (Europe, 18th century) Scientific Revolution (Europe, 18th century) Long nineteenth century (1789–1914) Georgian era (the United Kingdom, 1714–1830) Industrial Revolution (Europe, United States, and elsewhere 18th and 19th centuries, though with its beginnings in Britain) Age of European colonialism and ...
Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work. For example, the "short" 18th century may be defined as 1715–1789, denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution, with an emphasis on directly interconnected events.
Some historians have marked the 18th century as a drab period in the history of science. [44] The century saw significant advancements in the practice of medicine, mathematics, and physics; the development of biological taxonomy ; a new understanding of magnetism and electricity; and the maturation of chemistry as a discipline, which ...
25th century BC: 24th century BC: 23rd century BC: 22nd century BC: 21st century BC: 2nd millennium BC · 2000–1001 BC 20th century BC: 19th century BC: 18th century BC: 1790s BC: 1780s BC: 1770s BC: 1760s BC: 1750s BC: 1740s BC: 1730s BC: 1720s BC: 1710s BC: 1700s BC: 17th century BC: 1690s BC: 1680s BC: 1670s BC: 1660s BC: 1650s BC: 1640s ...
The 18th century in the United States refers to the period in the United States from 1701 through 1800 in the Gregorian calendar. For articles on this period, see: History of the United States series: Colonial history of the United States; History of the United States (1776–1789) History of the United States (1789–1849) Historical eras:
The automatic watch, first introduced with limited success in the 18th century, was reintroduced in the 1920s by the English watchmaker John Harwood. [192] After he went bankrupt in 1929, restrictions on automatic watches were lifted and companies such as Rolex were able to produce them. [193]
The Lower Paleolithic period lasted over 3 million years, during which there many human-like species evolved including toward the end of this period, Homo sapiens.The original divergence between humans and chimpanzees occurred 13 (), however interbreeding continued until as recently as 4 Ma, with the first species clearly belonging to the human (and not chimpanzee) lineage being ...