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By 1991, the arterial switch had become the procedure of choice, and it remains the standard modern procedure for d-TGA repair. [7] As long-term results of arterial switch are being reported, newer sets of potential surgical problems are becoming evident. Progressive neo-aortic dilation (pulmonary valve at birth) has been observed.
The high chance of developing arrhythmias results in up to 25% of patients who have undergone a Senning or Mustard procedure having a pacemaker by adulthood. [ 5 ] Long-term studies have disclosed that although from the functional capacity standpoint the Senning and the Mustard operation are similar, there is a higher risk of sinus node disease ...
This will allow for the oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood to mix, resulting in improved oxygen delivery to the baby's body. [1] Surgery: The arterial switch operation is a surgery where the pulmonary artery and the aorta are moved to their normal positions. This is the most common surgery done to correct dextro-TGA, and is considered the ...
Atrial switch is a heart operation performed to treat dextro-Transposition of the great arteries. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It involves the construction of an atrial baffle which redirects the blood coming into the atria to restore the connection between systemic and pulmonary circulation.
Normal arterial blood oxygen saturation levels in humans are 96–100 percent. [1] If the level is below 90 percent, it is considered low and called hypoxemia . [ 2 ] Arterial blood oxygen levels below 80 percent may compromise organ function, such as the brain and heart, and should be promptly addressed.
Atrial septostomy is a surgical procedure in which a small hole is created between the upper two chambers of the heart, the atria.This procedure is primarily used to palliate dextro-Transposition of the great arteries or d-TGA (often imprecisely called transposition of the great arteries), a life-threatening cyanotic congenital heart defect seen in infants.
Venous blood with an oxygen concentration of 15 mL/100 mL would therefore lead to typical values of the a-vO 2 diff at rest of around 5 mL/100 mL. During intense exercise, however, the a-vO 2 diff can increase to as much as 16 mL/100 mL due to the working muscles extracting far more oxygen from the blood than they do at rest. [citation needed]
This surgery had not been possible prior to 1975 because of difficulty with re-implanting coronary arteries which perfuse the actual heart muscle itself , and even after it was first performed the excellent results from the Mustard operation meant that it was a long time before the Jatene procedure took over.