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  2. Lidar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidar

    Lidar (/ ˈlaɪdɑːr /, also LIDAR, LiDAR or LADAR, an acronym of "light detection and ranging" [1] or "laser imaging, detection, and ranging" [2]) is a method for determining ranges by targeting an object or a surface with a laser and measuring the time for the reflected light to return to the receiver.

  3. Atmospheric lidar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_lidar

    Atmospheric lidar. Atmospheric lidar is a class of instruments that uses laser light to study atmospheric properties from the ground up to the top of the atmosphere. Such instruments have been used to study, among other, atmospheric gases, aerosols, clouds, and temperature.

  4. Ground-penetrating radar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground-penetrating_radar

    Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface. It is a non-intrusive method of surveying the sub-surface to investigate underground utilities such as concrete, asphalt, metals, pipes, cables or masonry. [1] This nondestructive method uses electromagnetic radiation in the microwave band ...

  5. Interferometric synthetic-aperture radar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferometric_synthetic...

    Interferometric synthetic aperture radar, abbreviated InSAR (or deprecated IfSAR), is a radar technique used in geodesy and remote sensing.This geodetic method uses two or more synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images to generate maps of surface deformation or digital elevation, using differences in the phase of the waves returning to the satellite [1] [2] [3] or aircraft.

  6. Simultaneous localization and mapping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simultaneous_localization...

    A map generated by a SLAM Robot. Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is the computational problem of constructing or updating a map of an unknown environment while simultaneously keeping track of an agent 's location within it. While this initially appears to be a chicken or the egg problem, there are several algorithms known to solve ...

  7. Geological structure measurement by LiDAR - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_structure...

    Geological structure measurement by LiDAR. Geological structure measurement by LiDAR technology is a remote sensing method applied in structural geology. It enables monitoring and characterisation of rock bodies. [1] This method's typical use is to acquire high resolution structural and deformational data for identifying geological hazards risk ...

  8. Speckle (interference) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speckle_(interference)

    Speckle imaging and eye testing using speckle also use the speckle effect. Speckle is the chief limitation of coherent lidar and coherent imaging in optical heterodyne detection. In the case of near field speckles, the statistical properties depend on the light scattering distribution of a given sample.

  9. Synthetic-aperture radar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic-aperture_radar

    A typical UWB system might use a bandwidth of one-third to one-half of its center frequency. For example, some systems use a bandwidth of about 1 GHz centered around 3 GHz. The two most common methods to increase signal bandwidth used in UWB radar, including SAR, are very short pulses and high-bandwidth chirping.