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  2. Self-organization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-organization

    In particular the theory of random graphs has been used as a justification for self-organization as a general principle of complex systems. In the field of multi-agent systems , understanding how to engineer systems that are capable of presenting self-organized behavior is an active research area. [ 45 ]

  3. Open Syllabus Project - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Syllabus_Project

    The Open Syllabus Project (OSP) is an online open-source platform that catalogs and analyzes millions of college syllabi. [3] Founded by researchers from the American Assembly at Columbia University , the OSP has amassed the most extensive collection of searchable syllabi.

  4. Systems theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_theory

    Systems theory is manifest in the work of practitioners in many disciplines, for example the works of physician Alexander Bogdanov, biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy, linguist Béla H. Bánáthy, and sociologist Talcott Parsons; in the study of ecological systems by Howard T. Odum, Eugene Odum; in Fritjof Capra's study of organizational theory; in the study of management by Peter Senge; in ...

  5. Spontaneous order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spontaneous_order

    Spontaneous order, also named self-organization in the hard sciences, is the spontaneous emergence of order out of seeming chaos. The term "self-organization" is more often used for physical changes and biological processes, while "spontaneous order" is typically used to describe the emergence of various kinds of social orders in human social networks from the behavior of a combination of self ...

  6. Open system (systems theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_system_(systems_theory)

    Open systems have input and output flows, representing exchanges of matter, energy or information with its surroundings. An open system is a system that has external interactions. Such interactions can take the form of information, energy, or material transfers into or out of the system boundary, depending on the discipline which defines the ...

  7. List of types of systems theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../List_of_types_of_systems_theory

    This list of types of systems theory gives an overview of different types of systems theory, which are mentioned in scientific book titles or articles. [1] The following more than 40 types of systems theory are all explicitly named systems theory and represent a unique conceptual framework in a specific field of science .

  8. Category:Systems theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Systems_theory

    Systems theory is the interdisciplinary study of systems in society. It offers frameworks to describe and analyze groups of objects that work together to produce results. It offers frameworks to describe and analyze groups of objects that work together to produce results.

  9. Self-assembly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-assembly

    Self-assembly is a process in which a disordered system of pre-existing components forms an organized structure or pattern as a consequence of specific, local interactions among the components themselves, without external direction.