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Quercus velutina (Latin 'velutina', "velvety") , the black oak, is a species of oak in the red oak group (Quercus sect. Lobatae), native and widespread in eastern and central North America. It is sometimes called the eastern black oak. [4] Quercus velutina was previously known as yellow oak due to the yellow pigment in its inner bark.
A study published in 2008 found 393 species within the preserve. [2] Areas of savanna and forest are characterized by black oak and blackjack oak, with some mockernut. [1] In a 2015 research and inspection fan-out, arborists discovered the first example of dwarf chinkapin oak identified in Illinois. [4]
Black Gum, American Sweetgum, Red Maple, Sweetbay Magnolia, American Beech, Swamp White Oak, American Holly [15] New Jersey: William L. Hutcheson Memorial Forest [15] 65 acres (26 ha) [15] Northeastern coastal forests: White Oak, Eastern Black Oak, Northern Red Oak [15] New Jersey: Tillman Ravine [15] 25 acres (10 ha) [15] Allegheny Highlands ...
Map of oak savanna distribution in North America. Although there are pockets of oak savanna almost anywhere in North America where oaks are present, there are three major oak savanna areas: 1) California, British Columbia, Washington and Oregon in the west; 2) Southwestern United States and northern Mexico; and 3) the prairie/forest border zone of the Midwestern United States.
Black oak is the dominant species, with blackjack oak and red hickory, and a woody understory of poison ivy, fragrant sumac, prickly ash, and gray dogwood. [ 5 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 1 ] Sand Ridge State Forest is the largest area of sand-dominated plants managed by the state of Illinois. [ 1 ]
The current oak–hickory forest includes the former range of the oak–chestnut forest region, which encompassed the northeast portion of the current oak–hickory range. When the American chestnut population succumbed to invasive fungal blight in the early 20th century, those forests shifted to an oak and hickory dominated ecosystem.
Illinois has three major geographical divisions: Northern, Central, and Southern. Collectively, central and southern Illinois are often referred to within Illinois as "downstate Illinois" but with political developments since World War II "Downstate" now generally refers to all of Illinois outside of the Chicago metro area.
The first designation, Forest of the Wabash in southern Illinois on the Wabash River, was made in 1965, while the most recent designation, Markham Prairie in northern Illinois, was made in 1987. [1] Natural Landmarks in Illinois range from 53 to 6,500 acres (21.4 to 2,630.5 ha; 0.1 to 10.2 sq mi) in size.