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Aldehyde structure. In organic chemistry, an aldehyde (/ ˈ æ l d ɪ h aɪ d /) is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure R−CH=O. [1] The functional group itself (without the "R" side chain) can be referred to as an aldehyde but can also be classified as a formyl group.
In chemical nomenclature, the IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry is a method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended [1] [2] by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). It is published in the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (informally called the Blue Book). [3]
Ketones are trigonal planar around the ketonic carbon, with C–C–O and C–C–C bond angles of approximately 120°. Ketones differ from aldehydes in that the carbonyl group (C=O) is bonded to two carbons within a carbon skeleton. In aldehydes, the carbonyl is bonded to one carbon and one hydrogen and are located at the ends of carbon chains.
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... e.g. ketones, aldehydes, esters ... IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming conventions used to describe the type and ...
Advanced Chemistry Development, Inc. IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (1997). William Reusch. tara VirtualText of Organic Chemistry (2004). Purdue Chemistry Department (retrieved Sep 2006). Includes water solubility data. William Reusch. (2004) Aldehydes and Ketones Retrieved 23 May 2005. ILPI. (2005) The MSDS Hyperglossary- Anhydride
Pigment Yellow 97, a popular yellow colorant, is a hydrazone. [6]Hydrazones are the basis for various analyses of ketones and aldehydes. For example, dinitrophenylhydrazine coated onto a silica sorbent is the basis of an adsorption cartridge.
Many semicarbazones are crystalline solids, useful for the identification of the parent aldehydes/ketones by melting point analysis. [ 1 ] A thiosemicarbazone is an analog of a semicarbazone which contains a sulfur atom in place of the oxygen atom.
Fischer projection of D-glyceraldehyde. Like most carbohydrates, simple aldoses have the general chemical formula C n (H 2 O) n.Because formaldehyde (n=1) and glycolaldehyde (n=2) are not generally considered to be carbohydrates, [1] the simplest possible aldose is the triose glyceraldehyde, which only contains three carbon atoms.