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A volcano needs a reservoir of molten magma (e.g. a magma chamber), a conduit to allow magma to rise through the crust, and a vent to allow the magma to escape above the surface as lava. The erupted volcanic material (lava and tephra) that is deposited around the vent is known as a volcanic edifice, typically a volcanic cone or mountain. [2] [22]
Compositional analysis has been very successful in the grouping of volcanoes by type, [9]: 274 origin of magma, [9]: 274 including matching of volcanoes to a mantle plume of a particular hotspot, mantle plume melting depths, [10] the history of recycled subducted crust, [9]: 302–3 matching of tephra deposits to each other and to volcanoes of ...
Active volcanoes such as Stromboli, Mount Etna and Kīlauea do not appear on this list, but some back-arc basin volcanoes that generated calderas do appear. Some dangerous volcanoes in "populated areas" appear many times: Santorini six times, and Yellowstone hotspot 21 times.
Volcanism, vulcanism, volcanicity, or volcanic activity is the phenomenon where solids, ... New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 18: 5 ...
The fact that different mineralogies and textures may be developed from the same initial magmas has led petrologists to rely heavily on chemistry to look at a volcanic rock's origin. [citation needed] IUGS classification of aphanitic volcanic rocks according to their relative alkali (Na 2 O + K 2 O) and silica (SiO 2) weight contents. Blue area ...
Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis is the longest word in the English language. The word can be analysed as follows: Pneumono: from ancient Greek (πνεύμων, pneúmōn) which means lungs; ultra: from Latin, meaning beyond; micro and scopic: from ancient Greek, meaning small looking, referring to the fineness of ...
The term caldera comes from Spanish caldera, and Latin caldaria, meaning "cooking pot". [6] In some texts the English term cauldron is also used, [7] though in more recent work the term cauldron refers to a caldera that has been deeply eroded to expose the beds under the caldera floor. [6]
The origin of the Roman god of fire Vulcan has been traced back to the Cretan god Velchanos by Gérard Capdeville, primarily under the suggestion of the close similarity of their names. [52] Cretan Velchanos is a young god of Mediterranean or Near Eastern origin who has mastership of fire and is the companion of the Great Goddess .