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The signs of this trait are having a thumb with a distal phalange that is able to bend backwards beyond the normal range of motion. Some people with hitchhiker's thumb also have a Z-shaped deformity, named after the appearance of this deformity, which is that of the letter Z. Example of a z-shaped deformity in a hitchhiker's thumb
Furthermore, they classically present with scoliosis (progressive curvature of the spine) and unusually positioned thumbs (hitchhiker's thumbs). Around half of infants with diastrophic dysplasia are born with an opening in the roof of the mouth called a cleft palate .
The condition is known by numerous names including clubbed thumb or club thumb. [10] [11] American researcher R.A. Hefner used the terms "short thumb" and "brachymegalodactylism" in 1924, [3] and "short thumb" has continued to be used in a few other studies since then, including the study that defined Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome in 1963. [1] "
Hypermobile metacarpo-phalangeal joints Hyperextension of the thumb Hyperextension of the hand. Hypermobility syndrome is generally considered to comprise hypermobility together with other symptoms, such as myalgia and arthralgia. It is relatively common among children and affects more females than males.
Infants born with this condition have very short arms and legs, a narrow chest, and a prominent, rounded abdomen.This disorder is also characterized by an opening in the roof of the mouth (cleft palate), distinctive facial features, an inward- and downward-turning foot (), and unusually positioned thumbs (hitchhiker thumbs).
Heart-hand syndromes are a group of rare diseases that manifest with both heart and limb deformities. [1] [2] [3] [4]As of July 2013, known heart-hand syndromes include Holt–Oram syndrome, Berk–Tabatznik syndrome, brachydactyly-long thumb syndrome, patent ductus arteriosus-bicuspid aortic valve syndrome, heart hand syndrome, Slovenian type and Heart-hand syndrome, Spanish type.
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If patients do have median nerve palsy, occupational therapy or wearing a splint can help reduce the pain and further damage. Wearing a dynamic splint, which pulls the thumb into opposition, will help prevent an excess in deformity. This splint can also assist in function and help the fingers flex towards the thumb.