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Treatment of the resulting compound with ammonia then completes the conversion to the amidine. [1] Instead of using a Bronsted acid, Lewis acids such as aluminium trichloride promote the direct amination of nitriles, [2] or, in certain exceptional cases, of amides. [3] Dimethylformamide acetal reacts with primary amines to give amidines: [4]
Most common imides are prepared by heating dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides and ammonia or primary amines. The result is a condensation reaction: [5] (RCO) 2 O + R′NH 2 → (RCO) 2 NR′ + H 2 O. These reactions proceed via the intermediacy of amides. The intramolecular reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amide is far faster than the ...
In the older literature, imine refers to the aza-analogue of an epoxide. Thus, ethylenimine is the three-membered ring species aziridine C 2 H 4 NH. [8] The relationship of imines to amines having double and single bonds can be correlated with imides and amides, as in succinimide vs acetamide.
The Forster–Decker method is a series of chemical reactions that have the effect of mono-alkylating a primary amine (1), forming a secondary amine (6). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The process occurs by way of transient formation of an imine ( 3 ) that undergoes the actual alkylation reaction.
Amidoximes are oximes of amides (R 1 C(=O)NR 2 R 3) with general structure R 1 C(=NOH)NR 2 R 3. Oximes are usually generated by the reaction of hydroxylamine with aldehydes (R−CH=O) or ketones (RR’C=O). The term oxime dates back to the 19th century, a combination of the words oxygen and imine. [1]
Poly(amidoamine), or PAMAM, is a class of dendrimer which is made of repetitively branched subunits of amide and amine functionality.PAMAM dendrimers, sometimes referred to by the trade name Starburst, have been extensively studied since their synthesis in 1985, [1] and represent the most well-characterized dendrimer family as well as the first to be commercialized. [2]
Reductive amination (also known as reductive alkylation) is a form of amination that converts a carbonyl group to an amine via an intermediate imine. The carbonyl group is most commonly a ketone or an aldehyde. It is a common method to make amines and is widely used in green chemistry since it can be done catalytically in one-pot under
A Mannich base is a beta-amino-ketone, which is formed in the reaction of an amine, formaldehyde (or an aldehyde) and a carbon acid. [1] The Mannich base is an endproduct in the Mannich reaction, which is nucleophilic addition reaction of a non-enolizable aldehyde and any primary or secondary amine to produce resonance stabilized imine (iminium ion or imine salt).