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In older literature, the term linear connection is occasionally used for an Ehresmann connection or Cartan connection on an arbitrary fiber bundle, [1] to emphasise that these connections are "linear in the horizontal direction" (i.e., the horizontal bundle is a vector subbundle of the tangent bundle of the fiber bundle), even if they are not ...
Sapienza et al. argue against this view that Lasswell's model is not a linear transmission model since Lasswell also discusses two-way communication in another paper. [2] Another argument in favor of this objection is that the effect discussed by Lasswell may be understood as some form of feedback.
Another contrast is between linear and non-linear models. Most early models of communication are linear models. They present communication as a unidirectional process in which messages flow from the communicator to the audience. Non-linear models, on the other hand, are multi-directional: messages are sent back and forth between participants.
Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information.Its precise definition is disputed and there are disagreements about whether unintentional or failed transmissions are included and whether communication not only transmits meaning but also creates it.
The most common case is that of a linear connection on a vector bundle, for which the notion of parallel transport must be linear. A linear connection is equivalently specified by a covariant derivative , an operator that differentiates sections of the bundle along tangent directions in the base manifold, in such a way that parallel sections ...
The communication skills required for successful communication are different for source and receiver. For the source, this includes the ability to express oneself or to encode the message in an accessible way. [8] Communication starts with a specific purpose and encoding skills are necessary to express this purpose in the form of a message.
A distributed star is a network topology that is composed of individual networks that are based upon the physical star topology connected in a linear fashion – i.e., 'daisy-chained' – with no central or top level connection point (e.g., two or more 'stacked' hubs, along with their associated star connected nodes or 'spokes').
In this regard, it has been characterized as "inappropriate for analyzing social processes" [16] and as a "misleading misrepresentation of the nature of human communication". [17] A common objection is based on the fact that it is a linear transmission model: it conceptualizes communication as a one-way process going from a source to a destination.