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The electric part of such a meter is an electromagnetic measuring instrument which is connected to the anode and cathode of a selenium photo cell that produces more or less electric power when exposed to more or less light. The optical part of such a meter is a window in front of the photo cell's light-sensitive side.
An optical power meter (OPM) is a device used to measure the power in an optical signal. The term usually refers to a device for testing average power in fiber optic systems. Other general purpose light power measuring devices are usually called radiometers , photometers , laser power meters (can be photodiode sensors or thermopile laser ...
APC activity also causes the destruction of S and M cyclins and thus the inactivation of Cdks, which promotes the completion of mitosis and cytokinesis. APC activity is maintained in G1 until G1/S–Cdk activity rises again and commits the cell to the next cycle. This scheme serves only as a general guide and does not apply to all cell types. [1]
Electrometers designed for use with ionization chambers may include a high-voltage power supply, which is used to bias the ionization chamber. Solid-state electrometers are often multipurpose devices that can measure voltage, charge, resistance and current.
The nonlinear I-V curve characteristic of a given cell in specific temperature and insolation conditions can be functionally characterized by a fill factor (FF). Fill factor is defined as the ratio of the maximum power from the cell to the product of open circuit voltage V oc and short-circuit current I sc. Tabulated data is often used to ...
A microwave power meter is an instrument which measures the electrical power at microwave frequencies typically in the range 100 MHz to 40 GHz. Usually a microwave power meter will consist of a measuring head which contains the actual power sensing element, connected via a cable to the meter proper, which displays the power reading.
Cell balancing in a 5-cell battery, where the fifth cell has a lower capacity. Legend: A , Case where cells are unbalanced; B , Case where cells 3 and 5 and significantly discharged; C , Case where cells 2 and 5 and significantly over-charged; D , Case where battery is being charged with a passive balancer working on cells 2 and 5.
The Weston cell or Weston standard cell is a wet-chemical cell that produces a highly stable voltage suitable as a laboratory standard for calibration of voltmeters. Invented by Edward Weston in 1893, it was adopted as the International Standard for EMF from 1911 until superseded by the Josephson voltage standard in 1990.