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Animation of a strong acid–strong base neutralization titration (using phenolphthalein). The equivalence point is marked in red. In chemistry, neutralization or neutralisation (see spelling differences) is a chemical reaction in which acid and a base react with an equivalent quantity of each other. In a reaction in water, neutralization ...
Calcium hydroxide is modestly soluble in water, as seen for many dihydroxides. Its solubility increases from 0.66 g/L at 100 °C to 1.89 g/L at 0 °C. [8] Its solubility product K sp of 5.02 × 10 −6 at 25 °C, [1] its dissociation in water is large enough that its solutions are basic according to the following dissolution reaction:
The reaction of calcium carbide with water, producing acetylene and calcium hydroxide, [5] was discovered by Friedrich Wöhler in 1862. CaC 2 + 2 H 2 O → C 2 H 2 + Ca(OH) 2 . This reaction was the basis of the industrial manufacture of acetylene, and is the major industrial use of calcium carbide.
The term "calcium ammonium nitrate" is applied to multiple different, but closely related formulations. One variety of calcium ammonium nitrate is made by adding powdered limestone to ammonium nitrate; [1] [2] another, fully water-soluble version, is a mixture of calcium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, which crystallizes as a hydrated double salt: [3] 5Ca(NO 3) 2 •NH 4 NO 3 •10H 2 O.
Calcium peroxide or calcium dioxide is the inorganic compound with the formula CaO 2. It is the peroxide (O 2 2−) salt of Ca 2+. Commercial samples can be yellowish, but the pure compound is white. It is almost insoluble in water. [3]
It is sometimes produced in a laboratory experiment by the reaction of acetic acid, commonly in the 5–18% solution known as vinegar, with sodium carbonate ("washing soda"), sodium bicarbonate ("baking soda"), or sodium hydroxide ("lye", or "caustic soda"). Any of these reactions produce sodium acetate and water.
Calcium oxalate is a combination of calcium ions and the conjugate base of oxalic acid, the oxalate anion. Its aqueous solutions are slightly basic because of the basicity of the oxalate ion. The basicity of calcium oxalate is weaker than that of sodium oxalate, due to its lower solubility in water.
Calcium bicarbonate, also called calcium hydrogencarbonate, has the chemical formula Ca(HCO 3) 2. The term does not refer to a known solid compound; it exists only in aqueous solution containing calcium (Ca 2+), bicarbonate (HCO − 3), and carbonate (CO 2− 3) ions, together with dissolved carbon dioxide (CO 2).