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According to Erikson's theory the results from each stage, whether positive or negative, influence the results of succeeding stages. [2] Erikson published a book called Childhood and Society in 1950 that highlighted his research on the eight stages of psychosocial development. [ 3 ]
According to Erikson, the environment in which a child lived was crucial to providing growth, adjustment, a source of self-awareness and identity. Erikson won a Pulitzer Prize [ 35 ] and a US National Book Award in category Philosophy and Religion [ 36 ] for Gandhi's Truth (1969), [ 37 ] which focused more on his theory as applied to later ...
Each of Erikson's stages include both a positive and negative influences that can go on to be seen later in an individual's life. His theory includes the influence of biological factors on development. [9] Jane Loevinger (b.1918) built on the work of Erikson in her description of stages of ego development.
Erikson, a follower of Freud, synthesized his theories with Freud's to create what is known as the "psychosocial" stages of human development. Spanning from birth to death, they focus on "tasks" at each stage that must be accomplished to successfully navigate life's challenges. [18] Erikson's eight stages consist of the following: [19]
Early adulthood generally refers to the period between ages 18 to 39, [134] and according to theorists such as Erik Erikson, is a stage where development is mainly focused on maintaining relationships. [135] Erikson shows the importance of relationships by labeling this stage intimacy vs isolation.
During each stage, one developmental task is dominant, but may be carried forward into later stages as well. According to Erikson, individuals may experience tension when advancing to new stages of development, and seek to establish equilibrium within each stage.
According to Erikson, after establishing a personal identity in adolescence, young adults seek to form intense, usually romantic relationships with other people. [5] Common symptoms of a quarter-life crisis are often feelings of being "lost, scared, lonely or confused" about what steps to take in early adulthood. [6]
Erikson studied eight stages that made up his theory. To him, ego identity is a key concept to understanding what identity is, and it plays a large role in the conscious mind that includes fantasies , feelings, memories, perceptions, self-awareness , sensations, and thoughts; Each contributing a sense to self that is developed through social ...